English Grammar and Composition Class Six - Letters and E-mails - Vocabulary | Free Course

Chapter: Letters and E-mails

📚 Vocabulary

English Grammar and Composition Class Six

⭐ Most Important Exam Words

senderrecipientaddresssubjectsalutationbodyclosingsignatureapplicationrequestpermissionarrangeobligeissueconsiderationscholarshiptransfer certificatereference letterenroldurationfrequencyattachmentresponsevolunteercompetitionexhibitionforthcomingsufficient

📃 Word Formation Rules

► Add -tion to verbs to form nouns: apply → application, organise → organisation, permit → permission, consider → consideration.

► Add -ment to verbs to form nouns: enrol → enrolment, arrange → arrangement, attach → attachment.

► Add -al to nouns or verbs to form adjectives: academy → academic, profession → professional, form → formal.

► Add -ful to nouns to form adjectives: gratitude → grateful, respect → respectful, use → useful.

► Add -ly to adjectives to form adverbs: sincere → sincerely, faithful → faithfully, respectful → respectfully, polite → politely.

► Add -er to verbs to form nouns for people: send → sender, receive → receiver, organise → organiser, volunteer → volunteer.

► Use prefixes to form opposites: sufficient → insufficient, available → unavailable, promising → unpromising, grateful → ungrateful.

► Some words change part of speech without changing form: request can be a noun or verb; email can be a noun or verb; volunteer can be a noun or verb.

1. Letter Format and Parts (9 words)

sender[/ˈsendər/]nouneasy

Meaning: প্রেরক

Alt: যে ব্যক্তি চিঠি বা ই-মেইল পাঠায়

Example: The sender wrote his address at the top of the letter.

Syn: writer, authorAnt: recipient

💡 Exam tip: Sender means the person who sends a letter or email.

recipient[/rɪˈsɪpiənt/]nounmedium

Meaning: প্রাপক

Alt: যে ব্যক্তি চিঠি বা ই-মেইল গ্রহণ করে

Example: Write the recipient's address clearly.

Syn: receiver, addresseeAnt: sender

💡 Exam tip: Recipient is the person to whom a letter is sent.

address[/əˈdres/]nouneasy

Meaning: ঠিকানা

Alt: কোনো ব্যক্তি বা প্রতিষ্ঠানের অবস্থানের বিবরণ

Example: Please write your full address on the envelope.

Syn: location, residenceAnt: anonymity

💡 Exam tip: A formal letter usually includes the sender's and recipient's addresses.

subject[/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/]nouneasy

Meaning: বিষয়

Alt: চিঠি বা ই-মেইলের মূল বিষয়ের সংক্ষিপ্ত বিবরণ

Example: The subject of the email is scholarship information.

Syn: topic, themeAnt: detail

💡 Exam tip: Begin the subject line with a short and clear statement of purpose.

salutation[/ˌsæljuˈteɪʃən/]nounmedium

Meaning: সম্ভাষণ

Alt: চিঠির শুরুতে ব্যবহৃত অভিবাদন

Example: Dear Sir is a common formal salutation.

Syn: greeting, welcomeAnt: farewell

💡 Exam tip: Dear Sir or Madam is suitable when the recipient's name is unknown.

body[/ˈbɒdi/]nouneasy

Meaning: মূল বক্তব্য

Alt: চিঠি বা ই-মেইলের প্রধান অংশ

Example: The body of the letter explains the reason for the application.

Syn: content, main partAnt: heading

💡 Exam tip: Organise the body into clear paragraphs.

closing[/ˈkloʊzɪŋ/]nounmedium

Meaning: সমাপ্তি সম্ভাষণ

Alt: চিঠির শেষে ব্যবহৃত সৌজন্যমূলক বাক্য

Example: Yours faithfully is an appropriate formal closing.

Syn: ending, valedictionAnt: opening

💡 Exam tip: Use Yours faithfully after Dear Sir or Madam and Yours sincerely after a named salutation.

signature[/ˈsɪɡnətʃər/]nouneasy

Meaning: স্বাক্ষর

Alt: নিজের নামের লিখিত চিহ্ন

Example: The application must bear the student's signature.

Syn: autograph, signAnt: unsigned mark

💡 Exam tip: Write the sender's name below the closing.

indent[/ɪnˈdent/]verbmedium

Meaning: ভেতরের দিকে ফাঁকা রেখে লেখা

Alt: অনুচ্ছেদের শুরুতে স্থান রাখা

Example: Indent the first line of each paragraph in semi-block format.

Syn: offset, spaceAnt: align

💡 Exam tip: Do not mix indentation styles in one letter.

2. Formal Applications and Requests (9 words)

application[/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: আবেদনপত্র

Alt: কোনো অনুমতি বা সুবিধার জন্য লিখিত অনুরোধ

Example: I submitted an application for a transfer certificate.

Syn: petition, requestAnt: refusal

💡 Exam tip: An application should clearly state the request and the reason.

request[/rɪˈkwest/]nouneasy

Meaning: অনুরোধ

Alt: ভদ্রভাবে কিছু চাওয়া

Example: Our request is to arrange an annual picnic.

Syn: appeal, pleaAnt: demand

💡 Exam tip: Use polite expressions such as I request you to or I would be grateful if you would.

permission[/pərˈmɪʃən/]nounmedium

Meaning: অনুমতি

Alt: কোনো কাজ করার অনুমোদন

Example: We need permission to visit the museum.

Syn: consent, approvalAnt: prohibition

💡 Exam tip: Permission is uncountable; write some permission or permission to visit.

arrange[/əˈreɪndʒ/]verbeasy

Meaning: আয়োজন করা

Alt: পরিকল্পনা করে ব্যবস্থা করা

Example: The school will arrange an annual picnic.

Syn: organise, planAnt: cancel

💡 Exam tip: After arrange, use an object: arrange a picnic or arrange a competition.

oblige[/əˈblaɪdʒ/]verbhard

Meaning: কৃতজ্ঞ করা

Alt: উপকার করে বাধিত করা

Example: I shall be obliged if you issue the certificate.

Syn: gratify, assistAnt: disappoint

💡 Exam tip: The formal expression is I shall be obliged if you kindly help me.

issue[/ˈɪʃuː/]verbmedium

Meaning: প্রদান করা

Alt: আনুষ্ঠানিকভাবে প্রকাশ বা দেওয়া

Example: The headteacher will issue a transfer certificate.

Syn: provide, releaseAnt: withhold

💡 Exam tip: Issue can be a verb meaning প্রদান করা and a noun meaning বিষয় or সমস্যা.

permit[/pərˈmɪt/]verbmedium

Meaning: অনুমতি দেওয়া

Alt: কোনো কাজ করতে সম্মতি দেওয়া

Example: Please permit us to use the school hall.

Syn: allow, authoriseAnt: forbid

💡 Exam tip: Use permit someone to do something.

consideration[/kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən/]nounhard

Meaning: বিবেচনা

Alt: মনোযোগ দিয়ে বিচার করা

Example: Please take my application into consideration.

Syn: attention, thoughtAnt: neglect

💡 Exam tip: The phrase for your kind consideration is common in formal applications.

approval[/əˈpruːvəl/]nounmedium

Meaning: অনুমোদন

Alt: সম্মতি বা অনুমতি

Example: The picnic plan needs the headteacher's approval.

Syn: permission, consentAnt: disapproval

💡 Exam tip: Approval is a noun; approve is its verb form.

3. Polite Formal Expressions (9 words)

respectfully[/rɪˈspektfəli/]advmedium

Meaning: শ্রদ্ধার সঙ্গে

Alt: ভদ্র ও সম্মানজনকভাবে

Example: I respectfully request you to grant me leave.

Syn: courteously, politelyAnt: rudely

💡 Exam tip: Respectfully is useful in the opening or request paragraph of an application.

kindly[/ˈkaɪndli/]adveasy

Meaning: অনুগ্রহ করে

Alt: দয়া করে

Example: Kindly issue me a reference letter.

Syn: please, courteouslyAnt: unkindly

💡 Exam tip: Kindly is more formal than please in many applications.

grateful[/ˈɡreɪtfəl/]adjeasy

Meaning: কৃতজ্ঞ

Alt: উপকারের জন্য ধন্য

Example: I would be grateful if you allowed me to join the course.

Syn: thankful, appreciativeAnt: ungrateful

💡 Exam tip: Use I would be grateful if you could... for a polite request.

sincerely[/sɪnˈsɪərli/]advmedium

Meaning: আন্তরিকভাবে

Alt: সত্য ও আন্তরিক মনোভাবের সঙ্গে

Example: Yours sincerely is written at the end of the letter.

Syn: honestly, trulyAnt: insincerely

💡 Exam tip: Yours sincerely is generally used when the recipient is named.

faithfully[/ˈfeɪθfəli/]advmedium

Meaning: বিশ্বস্তভাবে

Alt: আনুগত্য ও নিষ্ঠার সঙ্গে

Example: Yours faithfully is a suitable formal closing.

Syn: loyally, devotedlyAnt: unfaithfully

💡 Exam tip: Use Yours faithfully after Dear Sir or Madam.

appreciate[/əˈpriːʃieɪt/]verbmedium

Meaning: কৃতজ্ঞতা প্রকাশ করা

Alt: মূল্য বা গুরুত্ব বুঝতে পারা

Example: I would appreciate your prompt reply.

Syn: value, acknowledgeAnt: disregard

💡 Exam tip: The pattern I would appreciate it if you... is useful in formal writing.

regard[/rɪˈɡɑːrd/]nouneasy

Meaning: শুভেচ্ছা

Alt: সম্মান বা মনোযোগ

Example: Please give my regards to your parents.

Syn: respect, esteemAnt: disrespect

💡 Exam tip: With regards and Best regards are common email closings.

response[/rɪˈspɒns/]nounmedium

Meaning: উত্তর

Alt: কোনো চিঠি বা অনুরোধের জবাব

Example: I look forward to your response.

Syn: reply, answerAnt: question

💡 Exam tip: The correct phrase is look forward to your response, with a noun after to.

obliged[/əˈblaɪdʒd/]adjhard

Meaning: বাধিত বা কৃতজ্ঞ

Alt: উপকারের জন্য ঋণী

Example: I shall remain obliged to you for your help.

Syn: thankful, indebtedAnt: ungrateful

💡 Exam tip: Obliged is commonly used in the closing of an application.

4. E-mail Vocabulary (9 words)

email[/ˈiːmeɪl/]nouneasy

Meaning: ই-মেইল

Alt: ইন্টারনেটের মাধ্যমে পাঠানো বৈদ্যুতিন বার্তা

Example: I sent an email to the British Council.

Syn: electronic mail, messageAnt: letter

💡 Exam tip: An email answer must include the receiver's email address, subject, and message.

inquiry[/ɪnˈkwaɪəri/]nounmedium

Meaning: জিজ্ঞাসা

Alt: তথ্য জানার জন্য প্রশ্ন বা অনুরোধ

Example: I am writing to make an inquiry about the course fee.

Syn: question, investigationAnt: answer

💡 Exam tip: Inquiry is suitable when asking for course details or programme information.

information[/ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: তথ্য

Alt: কোনো বিষয় সম্পর্কে জানা উপাত্ত

Example: Please send me information about the English course.

Syn: details, factsAnt: ignorance

💡 Exam tip: Information is uncountable; do not write informations.

enrol[/ɪnˈroʊl/]verbmedium

Meaning: নাম নিবন্ধন করা

Alt: কোনো কোর্স বা প্রতিষ্ঠানে ভর্তি হওয়া

Example: I want to enrol in the Young Learners' English course.

Syn: register, admitAnt: withdraw

💡 Exam tip: Use enrol in a course, not enrol into a course in standard usage.

duration[/djʊˈreɪʃən/]nounmedium

Meaning: সময়কাল

Alt: কোনো কাজ চলার মোট সময়

Example: Please tell me the duration of the course.

Syn: length, periodAnt: break

💡 Exam tip: Ask about the duration, frequency, and fees of a course.

frequency[/ˈfriːkwənsi/]nounhard

Meaning: পৌনঃপুনিকতা

Alt: কতবার কোনো কাজ ঘটে

Example: I would like to know the frequency of the classes.

Syn: regularity, rateAnt: infrequency

💡 Exam tip: Frequency means how often something happens, not its duration.

organiser[/ˈɔːrɡənaɪzər/]nounmedium

Meaning: আয়োজক

Alt: যে ব্যক্তি বা প্রতিষ্ঠান কোনো অনুষ্ঠান পরিচালনা করে

Example: We emailed the organisers of the Maths Olympiad.

Syn: coordinator, plannerAnt: participant

💡 Exam tip: British spelling organiser is common in Bangladesh; organizer is also accepted.

attachment[/əˈtætʃmənt/]nounmedium

Meaning: সংযুক্তি

Alt: ই-মেইলের সঙ্গে পাঠানো ফাইল বা নথি

Example: I have included my academic record as an attachment.

Syn: enclosure, appendixAnt: separation

💡 Exam tip: Mention an attachment only when a document is included with the email.

reply[/rɪˈplaɪ/]verbeasy

Meaning: উত্তর দেওয়া

Alt: কোনো বার্তার জবাব দেওয়া

Example: Please reply to my email soon.

Syn: answer, respondAnt: ignore

💡 Exam tip: Reply to an email, but answer a question.

5. Education and School Activities (9 words)

scholarship[/ˈskɒlərʃɪp/]nounmedium

Meaning: বৃত্তি

Alt: পড়াশোনার জন্য আর্থিক সহায়তা

Example: She applied for a scholarship because her family is poor.

Syn: grant, studentshipAnt: debt

💡 Exam tip: A scholarship application should mention academic merit and financial need when relevant.

promising[/ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/]adjmedium

Meaning: সম্ভাবনাময়

Alt: ভবিষ্যতে সফল হওয়ার সম্ভাবনা আছে এমন

Example: The foundation supports promising students.

Syn: potential, hopefulAnt: unpromising

💡 Exam tip: Promising describes a student who is likely to succeed.

competition[/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: প্রতিযোগিতা

Alt: জয়লাভের জন্য প্রতিদ্বন্দ্বিতা

Example: Our school will take part in the debate competition.

Syn: contest, tournamentAnt: cooperation

💡 Exam tip: The plural form is competitions; use take part in a competition.

volunteer[/ˌvɒlənˈtɪər/]nouneasy

Meaning: স্বেচ্ছাসেবক

Alt: স্বেচ্ছায় কাজ করে এমন ব্যক্তি

Example: The volunteer helped clean the town.

Syn: helper, workerAnt: reluctant person

💡 Exam tip: Volunteer can be both a noun and a verb.

campaign[/kæmˈpeɪn/]nounmedium

Meaning: অভিযান

Alt: নির্দিষ্ট উদ্দেশ্যে পরিচালিত পরিকল্পিত কার্যক্রম

Example: The students joined a cleaning campaign.

Syn: drive, movementAnt: inaction

💡 Exam tip: A campaign may be organised for cleanliness, awareness, or social service.

admission[/ədˈmɪʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: ভর্তি

Alt: কোনো প্রতিষ্ঠান বা কোর্সে প্রবেশের অনুমতি

Example: He applied for admission to a new school.

Syn: enrolment, entryAnt: exclusion

💡 Exam tip: Use application for admission when requesting a place in a school.

certificate[/sərˈtɪfɪkət/]nouneasy

Meaning: সনদপত্র

Alt: যোগ্যতা বা তথ্যের আনুষ্ঠানিক প্রমাণপত্র

Example: The student needs a transfer certificate.

Syn: document, credentialAnt: disqualification

💡 Exam tip: Transfer certificate is commonly abbreviated as TC.

exhibition[/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃən/]nounmedium

Meaning: প্রদর্শনী

Alt: কোনো বিষয়ের নিদর্শন প্রদর্শনের অনুষ্ঠান

Example: The museum will arrange an exhibition on the Liberation War.

Syn: display, showAnt: concealment

💡 Exam tip: Use a day-long exhibition when the event lasts for one day.

Olympiad[/əˈlɪmpiæd/]nounhard

Meaning: বিশেষ প্রতিযোগিতা

Alt: একটি বিষয়ভিত্তিক আন্তর্জাতিক বা জাতীয় প্রতিযোগিতা

Example: The students requested a Maths Olympiad in their locality.

Syn: contest, challengeAnt: noncompetition

💡 Exam tip: Write Maths Olympiad with capital letters as it is the name of an event.

6. Useful Formal Verbs and Adjectives (9 words)

attach[/əˈtætʃ/]verbmedium

Meaning: সংযুক্ত করা

Alt: কোনো নথি বা বস্তু সঙ্গে যোগ করা

Example: I attach a copy of my academic record.

Syn: enclose, appendAnt: detach

💡 Exam tip: Attach a document to an email; enclose a document with a letter.

express[/ɪkˈspres/]verbeasy

Meaning: প্রকাশ করা

Alt: মতামত বা অনুভূতি জানানো

Example: We express our interest in the volunteer programme.

Syn: state, communicateAnt: conceal

💡 Exam tip: The phrase express interest in is useful in applications.

request[/rɪˈkwest/]verbeasy

Meaning: অনুরোধ করা

Alt: ভদ্রভাবে চাওয়া

Example: We request you to arrange a mobile museum exhibition.

Syn: ask, appealAnt: refuse

💡 Exam tip: In formal writing, request is more suitable than ask in some contexts.

organise[/ˈɔːrɡənaɪz/]verbeasy

Meaning: সংগঠিত বা আয়োজন করা

Alt: পরিকল্পনা করে কোনো অনুষ্ঠান পরিচালনা করা

Example: Our club will organise a debate competition.

Syn: arrange, coordinateAnt: disorganise

💡 Exam tip: Organise is the British spelling commonly used in school textbooks.

require[/rɪˈkwaɪər/]verbmedium

Meaning: প্রয়োজন হওয়া

Alt: কোনো কিছু দরকার হওয়া

Example: The application requires a copy of the certificate.

Syn: need, demandAnt: lack

💡 Exam tip: Require is followed by an object or by to plus verb in appropriate structures.

available[/əˈveɪləbəl/]adjeasy

Meaning: উপলভ্য

Alt: পাওয়া যায় এমন বা অবসর থাকা

Example: I am available to work on weekends.

Syn: accessible, freeAnt: unavailable

💡 Exam tip: Available can describe both a person’s free time and a thing that can be obtained.

academic[/ˌækəˈdemɪk/]adjmedium

Meaning: শিক্ষাসংক্রান্ত

Alt: পড়াশোনা বা বিদ্যালয়-সম্পর্কিত

Example: I attached my academic record to the application.

Syn: educational, scholasticAnt: nonacademic

💡 Exam tip: Academic record means a student's official educational results.

forthcoming[/ˈfɔːrθˌkʌmɪŋ/]adjhard

Meaning: আসন্ন

Alt: শীঘ্রই ঘটতে যাচ্ছে এমন

Example: We invite your team to the forthcoming debate competition.

Syn: upcoming, approachingAnt: past

💡 Exam tip: Forthcoming is a formal synonym of upcoming.

sufficient[/səˈfɪʃənt/]adjmedium

Meaning: পর্যাপ্ত

Alt: প্রয়োজন মেটানোর মতো যথেষ্ট

Example: The students do not have sufficient opportunities to visit the museum.

Syn: enough, adequateAnt: insufficient

💡 Exam tip: Sufficient is followed by a noun: sufficient time or sufficient opportunities.

💡 Exam Tips

• Follow one letter layout consistently: full block, modified block, or semi-block.

• A formal letter should include the sender's address, date, recipient's address, salutation, subject, body, closing, and signature.

• For an email, always write the receiver's email address, a clear subject, and the message content.

• Use polite expressions such as I would be grateful if you could, I kindly request you to, and I look forward to your response.

• Use Dear Sir or Madam when the recipient's name is unknown; use Dear Mr, Dear Ms, or Dear Madam when the name is known.

• Use Yours faithfully after Dear Sir or Madam and Yours sincerely after a named salutation.

• Divide the body into short paragraphs: purpose, necessary details, request, and polite closing.

• Write dates, names of organisations, places, and official event names with correct capitalisation.

• Do not draw an envelope or stamp unless instructed; writing the address is sufficient.

• Keep within the stated word limit. If the instruction says not more than a certain number of words, do not exceed it.

• Maintain a left margin and clear spacing so that the letter or email looks organised.

• Check common grammar patterns: request someone to do something, permit someone to do something, enrol in a course, and look forward to receiving a reply.

English Grammar and Composition Class Six - Letters and E-mails - Vocabulary

Chapter: Letters and E-mails

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