English Grammar and Composition Class Seven - More about Adjectives - Vocabulary | Free Course

Chapter: More about Adjectives

📚 Vocabulary

English Grammar and Composition Class Seven

⭐ Most Important Exam Words

adjectiveattributive adjectivepredicative adjectivepositive degreecomparative degreesuperlative degreegood-better-bestbad-worse-worstbeautiful-more beautiful-most beautifuldiligent-more diligent-most diligentpatrioticbrilliantcourageousindustriousoptimistic

📃 Word Formation Rules

► An adjective gives additional information about a noun or pronoun.

► An adjective does not change its form according to the singular or plural number of the noun.

► An adjective before a noun is called an attributive adjective.

► An adjective after a linking verb is called a predicative adjective.

► Most one-syllable adjectives form the comparative and superlative degrees by adding ‘-er’ and ‘-est’: tall, taller, tallest.

► For one-syllable adjectives ending in a consonant-vowel-consonant pattern, double the final consonant: big, bigger, biggest.

► For adjectives ending in ‘e’, add only ‘-r’ and ‘-st’: fine, finer, finest.

► For adjectives ending in consonant plus ‘y’, change ‘y’ to ‘i’ before adding ‘-er’ and ‘-est’: happy, happier, happiest.

► Many two-syllable adjectives ending in ‘-le’, ‘-y’, ‘-er’, and ‘-ow’ take ‘-er’ and ‘-est’.

► Many adjectives of two or more syllables form comparison with ‘more’ and ‘most’: difficult, more difficult, most difficult.

► Some adjectives have irregular forms: good, better, best; bad, worse, worst; many, more, most.

► Use the comparative degree when comparing two persons or things.

► Use the superlative degree when showing the highest quality among more than two persons or things.

1. Introducing Adjectives — Basic Descriptive Words (8 words)

good[/ɡʊd/]adjeasy

Meaning: ভালো; উত্তম

Alt: নৈতিকভাবে সঠিক

Example: She is a good student.

Syn: fine, excellentAnt: bad

💡 Exam tip: ‘Good’ describes the quality of a person or thing and usually comes before a noun.

brilliant[/ˈbrɪliənt/]adjmedium

Meaning: মেধাবী; অত্যন্ত উজ্জ্বল

Alt: দারুণ; অসাধারণ

Example: Bani is a brilliant student.

Syn: clever, intelligentAnt: stupid

💡 Exam tip: Use ‘brilliant’ to describe a very intelligent student or an excellent idea.

fine[/faɪn/]adjeasy

Meaning: চমৎকার; ভালো

Alt: সূক্ষ্ম বা পরিশীলিত

Example: It was a fine expression of patriotic zeal.

Syn: excellent, beautifulAnt: poor

💡 Exam tip: ‘Fine’ can work as an attributive adjective before a noun or as a complement after a linking verb.

hilly[/ˈhɪli/]adjmedium

Meaning: পাহাড়ি; পাহাড়সমৃদ্ধ

Alt: পাহাড়-সংক্রান্ত

Example: A stream in the hilly region is worth visiting.

Syn: mountainous, uplandAnt: flat

💡 Exam tip: ‘Hilly’ is formed from ‘hill’ with the suffix ‘-y’.

patriotic[/ˌpeɪtriˈɒtɪk/]adjmedium

Meaning: দেশপ্রেমিক; দেশপ্রেমপূর্ণ

Alt: দেশের প্রতি গভীর ভালোবাসাপূর্ণ

Example: The national flag inspires patriotic feelings.

Syn: nationalistic, loyalAnt: unpatriotic

💡 Exam tip: Remember the noun ‘patriotism’ and the adverb ‘patriotically’.

interesting[/ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/]adjeasy

Meaning: আকর্ষণীয়; আগ্রহোদ্দীপক

Alt: কৌতূহল জাগায় এমন

Example: The books are interesting.

Syn: engaging, fascinatingAnt: boring

💡 Exam tip: ‘Interesting’ describes something that creates interest; do not confuse it with ‘interested’.

new[/njuː/]adjeasy

Meaning: নতুন

Alt: সাম্প্রতিক; অপরিচিত

Example: All the books are new.

Syn: fresh, recentAnt: old

💡 Exam tip: The adjective ‘new’ has the same form with singular and plural nouns.

exhausted[/ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/]adjmedium

Meaning: অত্যন্ত ক্লান্ত

Alt: শক্তিহীন

Example: The exhausted players rested after the match.

Syn: tired, wearyAnt: energetic

💡 Exam tip: ‘Exhausted’ is stronger than ‘tired’ and can be used before a noun or after a verb.

2. Attributive and Predicative Adjectives (8 words)

safe[/seɪf/]adjeasy

Meaning: নিরাপদ

Alt: বিপদমুক্ত

Example: We had a safe journey.

Syn: secure, protectedAnt: unsafe

💡 Exam tip: Attributive: ‘a safe journey’; predicative: ‘The journey was safe’.

unsafe[/ʌnˈseɪf/]adjeasy

Meaning: অনিরাপদ

Alt: বিপজ্জনক

Example: It is unsafe to cross the river alone.

Syn: dangerous, riskyAnt: safe

💡 Exam tip: The prefix ‘un-’ changes the meaning of ‘safe’ to its opposite.

excellent[/ˈeksələnt/]adjmedium

Meaning: চমৎকার; উৎকৃষ্ট

Alt: অসাধারণ মানসম্পন্ন

Example: She gave an excellent performance.

Syn: outstanding, superbAnt: inferior

💡 Exam tip: Use ‘excellent’ for very high quality; its comparative is usually ‘more excellent’ only in special contexts.

huge[/hjuːdʒ/]adjeasy

Meaning: বিশাল; বিরাট

Alt: অত্যন্ত বড়

Example: They saw huge mountains around them.

Syn: enormous, giganticAnt: tiny

💡 Exam tip: ‘Huge’ is commonly tested as a synonym of ‘enormous’ and an antonym of ‘tiny’.

enormous[/ɪˈnɔːməs/]adjmedium

Meaning: অত্যন্ত বড়; বিশাল

Alt: অস্বাভাবিকভাবে ব্যাপক

Example: The elephant is an enormous animal.

Syn: huge, immenseAnt: small

💡 Exam tip: Being a long adjective, it generally takes ‘more’ and ‘most’.

gorgeous[/ˈɡɔːdʒəs/]adjmedium

Meaning: অত্যন্ত সুন্দর; জাঁকজমকপূর্ণ

Alt: চমৎকার আকর্ষণীয়

Example: The bride wore a gorgeous dress.

Syn: beautiful, stunningAnt: ugly

💡 Exam tip: ‘Gorgeous’ is a strong adjective meaning ‘very beautiful’.

furious[/ˈfjʊəriəs/]adjmedium

Meaning: ভীষণ রাগান্বিত

Alt: প্রচণ্ড; তীব্র

Example: The furious man left the room.

Syn: angry, enragedAnt: calm

💡 Exam tip: ‘Furious’ may describe a person or a very violent action, such as a furious storm.

tiny[/ˈtaɪni/]adjeasy

Meaning: অতি ক্ষুদ্র

Alt: খুব ছোট

Example: A tiny insect was sitting on the leaf.

Syn: small, minuteAnt: huge

💡 Exam tip: The comparative and superlative forms are ‘tinier’ and ‘tiniest’.

3. Degrees of Comparison — Regular Forms (8 words)

tall[/tɔːl/]adjeasy

Meaning: লম্বা

Alt: উচ্চতাসম্পন্ন

Example: Raiyan is the tallest of the three boys.

Syn: high, loftyAnt: short

💡 Exam tip: Positive: tall; comparative: taller; superlative: tallest.

big[/bɪɡ/]adjeasy

Meaning: বড়

Alt: গুরুত্বপূর্ণ; বৃহৎ

Example: Raiyan bought the biggest basket.

Syn: large, greatAnt: small

💡 Exam tip: Double the final consonant before adding ‘-er’ and ‘-est’: big, bigger, biggest.

bright[/braɪt/]adjeasy

Meaning: উজ্জ্বল

Alt: মেধাবী; বুদ্ধিমান

Example: The brightest star appeared at night.

Syn: shining, brilliantAnt: dull

💡 Exam tip: One-syllable adjectives commonly take ‘-er’ and ‘-est’.

bold[/bəʊld/]adjeasy

Meaning: সাহসী; নির্ভীক

Alt: গাঢ়; স্পষ্ট

Example: The bold boy rescued the puppy.

Syn: brave, daringAnt: timid

💡 Exam tip: Forms: bold, bolder, boldest.

kind[/kaɪnd/]adjeasy

Meaning: দয়ালু; সদয়

Alt: একই ধরনের

Example: Munira is kinder than her cousin.

Syn: gentle, generousAnt: unkind

💡 Exam tip: Forms: kind, kinder, kindest.

young[/jʌŋ/]adjeasy

Meaning: তরুণ; কমবয়সি

Alt: নতুন; নবীন

Example: The youngest player scored a goal.

Syn: youthful, juniorAnt: old

💡 Exam tip: Forms: young, younger, youngest.

large[/lɑːdʒ/]adjeasy

Meaning: বড়; বৃহৎ

Alt: প্রচুর; ব্যাপক

Example: They live in a larger house.

Syn: big, greatAnt: small

💡 Exam tip: For adjectives ending in ‘e’, add only ‘r’ and ‘st’: large, larger, largest.

wise[/waɪz/]adjmedium

Meaning: জ্ঞানী; বিচক্ষণ

Alt: বুদ্ধিমান সিদ্ধান্ত গ্রহণকারী

Example: The wisest man gave us good advice.

Syn: sensible, prudentAnt: foolish

💡 Exam tip: Forms: wise, wiser, wisest; do not write ‘wiseer’.

4. Degrees of Comparison — Spelling Patterns (8 words)

happy[/ˈhæpi/]adjeasy

Meaning: সুখী; আনন্দিত

Alt: সৌভাগ্যবান

Example: She felt happier after receiving the news.

Syn: glad, joyfulAnt: sad

💡 Exam tip: Change final ‘y’ to ‘i’ before adding ‘-er’ or ‘-est’: happy, happier, happiest.

simple[/ˈsɪmpəl/]adjmedium

Meaning: সরল; সহজ

Alt: সাদাসিধে

Example: This is the simplest explanation.

Syn: easy, plainAnt: complex

💡 Exam tip: Many two-syllable adjectives ending in ‘-le’ take ‘-er’ and ‘-est’.

narrow[/ˈnærəʊ/]adjmedium

Meaning: সংকীর্ণ; সরু

Alt: সীমিত

Example: This is a narrower road.

Syn: slender, restrictedAnt: wide

💡 Exam tip: ‘Narrow’ forms ‘narrower’ and ‘narrowest’ in the regular way.

tender[/ˈtendə/]adjmedium

Meaning: কোমল; নরম

Alt: স্নেহশীল; সংবেদনশীল

Example: The tender leaves are good to eat.

Syn: soft, gentleAnt: tough

💡 Exam tip: Some two-syllable adjectives ending in ‘-er’ take ‘-er’ and ‘-est’.

brave[/breɪv/]adjeasy

Meaning: সাহসী

Alt: বীরত্বপূর্ণ

Example: The bravest soldier saved the child.

Syn: courageous, fearlessAnt: cowardly

💡 Exam tip: Since ‘brave’ ends in ‘e’, use ‘braver’ and ‘bravest’.

fine[/faɪn/]adjeasy

Meaning: চমৎকার; উৎকৃষ্ট

Alt: সূক্ষ্ম

Example: Today is finer than yesterday.

Syn: excellent, delicateAnt: 粗糙

💡 Exam tip: Forms: fine, finer, finest; add ‘r’ and ‘st’ only.

noble[/ˈnəʊbəl/]adjmedium

Meaning: মহৎ; অভিজাত

Alt: উচ্চচরিত্রের

Example: Helping the poor is a noble act.

Syn: honourable, virtuousAnt: ignoble

💡 Exam tip: Forms: noble, nobler, noblest.

white[/waɪt/]adjeasy

Meaning: সাদা

Alt: ফ্যাকাশে; শুভ্র

Example: The whitest flower bloomed first.

Syn: pale, colourlessAnt: black

💡 Exam tip: Forms: white, whiter, whitest.

5. Irregular and Long Adjectives (8 words)

good[/ɡʊd/]adjeasy

Meaning: ভালো; উত্তম

Alt: যোগ্য বা উপকারী

Example: This is the best book in the library.

Syn: excellent, fineAnt: bad

💡 Exam tip: Irregular degrees: good, better, best.

bad[/bæd/]adjeasy

Meaning: খারাপ

Alt: অসুস্থ; অনুপযুক্ত

Example: This is the worst result of the year.

Syn: poor, awfulAnt: good

💡 Exam tip: Irregular degrees: bad, worse, worst.

many[/ˈmeni/]adjeasy

Meaning: অনেক

Alt: বহুসংখ্যক

Example: Many students joined the competition.

Syn: numerous, severalAnt: few

💡 Exam tip: The comparative and superlative forms are ‘more’ and ‘most’.

beautiful[/ˈbjuːtɪfəl/]adjeasy

Meaning: সুন্দর

Alt: মনোরম; আকর্ষণীয়

Example: She painted the most beautiful picture.

Syn: pretty, lovelyAnt: ugly

💡 Exam tip: Long adjectives use ‘more’ and ‘most’: more beautiful, most beautiful.

difficult[/ˈdɪfɪkəlt/]adjeasy

Meaning: কঠিন

Alt: সহজে করা যায় না এমন

Example: This is the most difficult question.

Syn: hard, challengingAnt: easy

💡 Exam tip: Do not write ‘difficulter’; use ‘more difficult’.

diligent[/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/]adjmedium

Meaning: পরিশ্রমী; অধ্যবসায়ী

Alt: কাজে যত্নশীল

Example: A diligent student completes homework on time.

Syn: hardworking, industriousAnt: lazy

💡 Exam tip: Forms: diligent, more diligent, most diligent.

courageous[/kəˈreɪdʒəs/]adjmedium

Meaning: সাহসী; বীর

Alt: বিপদের মুখে নির্ভীক

Example: The courageous volunteers helped the victims.

Syn: brave, fearlessAnt: cowardly

💡 Exam tip: Use ‘more courageous’ and ‘most courageous’.

industrious[/ɪnˈdʌstriəs/]adjmedium

Meaning: পরিশ্রমী

Alt: কর্মঠ; উদ্যোগী

Example: The industrious farmer worked from dawn to dusk.

Syn: diligent, hardworkingAnt: idle

💡 Exam tip: ‘Industrious’ is a long adjective and takes ‘more’ and ‘most’.

6. Adjectives in Examination Sentences (8 words)

older[/ˈəʊldə/]adjeasy

Meaning: আরও বয়স্ক; বড়

Alt: আগের বা পুরোনোতর

Example: Bondhon is older than Munira.

Syn: senior, elderAnt: younger

💡 Exam tip: Use ‘older than’ when comparing two people or things.

oldest[/ˈəʊldɪst/]adjeasy

Meaning: সবচেয়ে বয়স্ক; প্রাচীনতম

Alt: সবচেয়ে পুরোনো

Example: He is the oldest member of the team.

Syn: eldest, ancientAnt: youngest

💡 Exam tip: Use the superlative form with ‘the’ in most standard sentences.

cute[/kjuːt/]adjeasy

Meaning: মিষ্টি; আদুরে

Alt: আকর্ষণীয় ও সুন্দর

Example: Tanbin is a cute baby.

Syn: adorable, lovelyAnt: unattractive

💡 Exam tip: Forms: cute, cuter, cutest.

warm[/wɔːm/]adjeasy

Meaning: উষ্ণ

Alt: আন্তরিক; স্নেহপূর্ণ

Example: There was a warm fireplace in the hotel.

Syn: heated, hotAnt: cold

💡 Exam tip: ‘Warm’ may describe temperature, feelings, or a welcome.

cosy[/ˈkəʊzi/]adjmedium

Meaning: আরামদায়ক; উষ্ণ ও স্বস্তিদায়ক

Alt: ছোট কিন্তু আরামদায়ক

Example: They stayed in a cosy hotel.

Syn: comfortable, snugAnt: uncomfortable

💡 Exam tip: The British spelling is ‘cosy’; the American spelling is ‘cozy’.

brown[/braʊn/]adjeasy

Meaning: বাদামি

Alt: বাদামি রঙের

Example: A big brown dog was sleeping near the fire.

Syn: chestnut, umberAnt: colourless

💡 Exam tip: ‘Brown’ is a colour adjective and does not normally change for number.

soft[/sɒft/]adjeasy

Meaning: নরম

Alt: কোমল; মৃদু

Example: The dog was a big softie.

Syn: tender, smoothAnt: hard

💡 Exam tip: The noun ‘softie’ means a person or animal that is gentle and sentimental.

optimistic[/ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/]adjmedium

Meaning: আশাবাদী

Alt: ভবিষ্যৎ সম্পর্কে ইতিবাচক

Example: The players remained optimistic before the match.

Syn: hopeful, positiveAnt: pessimistic

💡 Exam tip: Remember the noun ‘optimism’ and antonym ‘pessimistic’.

💡 Exam Tips

• Identify whether the adjective comes before a noun or after a verb.

• In degree transformation, check the number of persons or things being compared.

• Use ‘than’ after a comparative adjective in a direct comparison.

• Usually use ‘the’ before a superlative adjective: the tallest, the best.

• Do not use ‘more’ with regular comparative forms such as ‘taller’ or ‘bigger’.

• Do not write ‘gooder’ or ‘goodest’; the correct forms are ‘better’ and ‘best’.

• Do not write ‘badder’ or ‘baddest’; the correct forms are ‘worse’ and ‘worst’.

• Remember spelling changes such as big-bigger-biggest and happy-happier-happiest.

• For long adjectives, use ‘more’ and ‘most’, not ‘-er’ and ‘-est’.

• An adjective usually describes a noun or pronoun, while an adverb generally modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.

English Grammar and Composition Class Seven - More about Adjectives - Vocabulary

Chapter: More about Adjectives

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