English For Today Classes Nine and Ten - Unconventional Jobs - Vocabulary | Free Course

Chapter: Unconventional Jobs

📚 Vocabulary

English For Today Classes Nine and Ten

⭐ Most Important Exam Words

unconventional — অপ্রচলিতentrepreneur — উদ্যোক্তাnursery — চারা গাছের বাগানsapling — চারা গাছgraft — কলম করাmedicinal — ঔষধিrustic — গ্রাম্যlivelihood — জীবিকাweird — অদ্ভুতassess — মূল্যায়ন করাflexible — নমনীয়challenge — চ্যালেঞ্জflorist — ফুলসজ্জাকারীfragrance — সুগন্ধaesthetic — নান্দনিকarrangement — সজ্জা বা বিন্যাসaccessory — সাজসজ্জার উপকরণproportion — অনুপাতapprenticeship — শিক্ষানবিশিsteady job — স্থির বা নিয়মিত চাকরিsecondary income — অতিরিক্ত আয়earn a living — জীবিকা উপার্জন করাlead a decent life — সম্মানজনক জীবনযাপন করাopen air — খোলা বাতাসstuffy office — বদ্ধ অফিসtake the challenge — চ্যালেঞ্জ গ্রহণ করাmake a career choice — পেশা নির্বাচন করাwork part-time — খণ্ডকালীন কাজ করা

📃 Word Formation Rules

► unconventional = un- + conventional; the prefix un- forms an opposite.

► entrepreneurship = entrepreneur + -ship; the suffix -ship forms a noun denoting status or condition.

► profession → professional; the suffix -al forms an adjective.

► employ → employee, employer, employment; -ee indicates a person receiving an action, -er indicates a person doing an action, and -ment forms a noun.

► medicine → medicinal; the suffix -al forms an adjective related to medicine.

► nature → natural, naturally; -al forms an adjective and -ly forms an adverb.

► independent → independence; the suffix -ence forms an abstract noun.

► flexible → inflexible; the prefix in- forms the opposite.

► fragrant → fragrance; the suffix -ance forms a noun.

► aesthetic → aesthetically; the suffix -ly forms an adverb.

► arrange → arrangement; the suffix -ment forms a noun.

► apprentice → apprenticeship; the suffix -ship forms a noun indicating training or status.

► passion → passionate; the suffix -ate forms an adjective.

► earn → earnings; the suffix -ings forms a noun referring to money earned.

1. Jobs, Careers and Choices (8 words)

unconventional[/ˌʌnkənˈvenʃənəl/]adjmedium

Meaning: প্রচলিত নয় এমন; অপ্রচলিত

Alt: সাধারণ রীতির বাইরে

Example: Floristry can be an unconventional career choice.

Syn: unusual, non-traditionalAnt: conventional, traditional

💡 Exam tip: Use it to describe jobs that are different from common career choices.

entrepreneur[/ˌɑːntrəprəˈnɜːr/]nounhard

Meaning: উদ্যোক্তা

Alt: যে ব্যক্তি ব্যবসা শুরু ও পরিচালনা করে

Example: Sayeed Kamal is a young entrepreneur who owns a nursery.

Syn: businessperson, founderAnt: employee

💡 Exam tip: Remember the spelling and distinguish entrepreneur from employer.

profession[/prəˈfeʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: পেশা

Alt: বিশেষ প্রশিক্ষণনির্ভর কাজ

Example: Floristry is a creative profession.

Syn: occupation, careerAnt: unemployment

💡 Exam tip: Profession is usually a regular occupation requiring skill or training.

career[/kəˈrɪər/]nouneasy

Meaning: পেশাজীবন

Alt: জীবনের দীর্ঘমেয়াদি কর্মপথ

Example: She wants to build a successful career as a florist.

Syn: vocation, occupationAnt: inactivity

💡 Exam tip: Use career for a long-term work path, not merely one temporary job.

occupation[/ˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: পেশা বা জীবিকা

Alt: যে কাজ করে কেউ জীবিকা অর্জন করে

Example: His occupation is nursery management.

Syn: job, employmentAnt: unemployment

💡 Exam tip: Occupation is a common synonym of job in vocabulary questions.

freelancer[/ˈfriːlænsər/]nounmedium

Meaning: স্বাধীনভাবে কাজ করা ব্যক্তি

Alt: কোনো প্রতিষ্ঠানের স্থায়ী কর্মচারী নয় এমন কর্মী

Example: A freelancer can choose flexible working hours.

Syn: independent worker, contractorAnt: permanent employee

💡 Exam tip: The related adjective is freelance.

recruit[/rɪˈkruːt/]verbmedium

Meaning: নিয়োগ করা

Alt: নতুন কর্মী বা সদস্য সংগ্রহ করা

Example: Many companies recruit skilled workers every year.

Syn: hire, employAnt: dismiss, fire

💡 Exam tip: Recruit can be both a verb and a noun meaning a newly hired person.

livelihood[/ˈlaɪvlihʊd/]nounmedium

Meaning: জীবিকা

Alt: জীবনধারণের উপায়

Example: The nursery provides a livelihood for Kamal and his employees.

Syn: means of living, incomeAnt: unemployment

💡 Exam tip: Use make a livelihood or earn a livelihood in writing tasks.

2. Nursery Work and Nature (8 words)

nursery[/ˈnɜːrsəri/]nouneasy

Meaning: চারা গাছের বাগান

Alt: শিশুদের যত্নের স্থান

Example: Kamal owns a nursery where he grows plants.

Syn: plant garden, seedbed

💡 Exam tip: In this chapter nursery means a place where young plants are grown.

sapling[/ˈsæplɪŋ/]nounmedium

Meaning: চারা গাছ

Alt: তরুণ বা ছোট গাছ

Example: Kamal enjoys collecting unknown saplings.

Syn: young tree, plantletAnt: mature tree

💡 Exam tip: Do not confuse sapling with seed; a sapling is already a young plant.

bud[/bʌd/]nouneasy

Meaning: কুঁড়ি

Alt: ফুল বা পাতার অপরিণত অংশ

Example: The rose bud will open in a few days.

Syn: shoot, germAnt: wilted flower

💡 Exam tip: Budding is the process of producing or developing buds.

graft[/ɡræft/]verbhard

Meaning: কলম করা

Alt: একটি গাছের অংশ অন্য গাছে যুক্ত করা

Example: Farmers graft healthy branches onto strong plants.

Syn: join, implantAnt: separate, detach

💡 Exam tip: The noun and verb forms are both graft; grafting is the process.

sapling[/ˈsæplɪŋ/]nounmedium

Meaning: চারা গাছ

Alt: বৃদ্ধির প্রাথমিক পর্যায়ের গাছ

Example: The workers watered every sapling in the nursery.

Syn: seedling, young plantAnt: old tree

💡 Exam tip: Use seedling for a plant grown from a seed and sapling for a young tree.

timber[/ˈtɪmbər/]nounmedium

Meaning: কাঠ

Alt: নির্মাণ বা জ্বালানির জন্য ব্যবহৃত গাছের কাঠ

Example: Kamal is producing more timber for future sale.

Syn: wood, lumber

💡 Exam tip: Timber is generally an uncountable noun when it means wood.

medicinal[/məˈdɪsɪnəl/]adjmedium

Meaning: ঔষধি

Alt: চিকিৎসায় ব্যবহৃত

Example: The nursery grows several medicinal plants.

Syn: curative, therapeuticAnt: harmful

💡 Exam tip: The noun is medicine and the adverb is medicinally.

sapling[/ˈsæplɪŋ/]nouneasy

Meaning: ছোট গাছের চারা

Alt: রোপণের উপযোগী তরুণ গাছ

Example: He brought a rare sapling from the countryside.

Syn: young tree, seedlingAnt: fully grown tree

💡 Exam tip: This word frequently appears in questions about Kamal's hobby.

3. Personal Qualities and Lifestyle (8 words)

diligent[/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/]adjmedium

Meaning: পরিশ্রমী

Alt: কাজে যত্নশীল ও অধ্যবসায়ী

Example: Kamal is diligent and starts his work very early.

Syn: hardworking, industriousAnt: lazy, idle

💡 Exam tip: Diligent is a positive adjective suitable for character descriptions.

independent[/ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/]adjeasy

Meaning: স্বনির্ভর

Alt: অন্যের সাহায্যের ওপর নির্ভরশীল নয়

Example: Kamal is independent and does his own household work.

Syn: self-reliant, autonomousAnt: dependent

💡 Exam tip: The noun is independence and the opposite is dependent.

rustic[/ˈrʌstɪk/]adjmedium

Meaning: গ্রাম্য

Alt: গ্রাম বা সরল প্রাকৃতিক জীবনের সঙ্গে সম্পর্কিত

Example: His friends are not happy with his rustic life.

Syn: rural, countryAnt: urban, modern

💡 Exam tip: Rustic may be positive when it suggests simplicity, but it can also sound critical.

hobby[/ˈhɒbi/]nouneasy

Meaning: শখ

Alt: অবসর সময়ের আনন্দদায়ক কাজ

Example: Collecting stamps is one of Kamal's hobbies.

Syn: pastime, interestAnt: work

💡 Exam tip: The plural form is hobbies, not hobbys.

annoyed[/əˈnɔɪd/]adjeasy

Meaning: বিরক্ত

Alt: অসন্তুষ্ট বা বিরক্ত বোধ করছে এমন

Example: Kamal's friends are annoyed with his unconventional lifestyle.

Syn: irritated, aggravatedAnt: pleased, satisfied

💡 Exam tip: Use annoyed with someone and annoyed by something.

decent[/ˈdiːsənt/]adjmedium

Meaning: মোটামুটি ভালো ও সম্মানজনক

Alt: শোভন বা যথেষ্ট মানসম্পন্ন

Example: He earns enough to lead a decent life.

Syn: respectable, adequateAnt: indecent, inadequate

💡 Exam tip: In the passage, decent means respectable and satisfactory, not luxurious.

content[/kənˈtent/]adjhard

Meaning: সন্তুষ্ট

Alt: নিজের অবস্থা নিয়ে তৃপ্ত

Example: Kamal is content with his simple life.

Syn: satisfied, pleasedAnt: dissatisfied, discontented

💡 Exam tip: Content as an adjective is pronounced con-TENT; content as a noun is CON-tent.

stuffy[/ˈstʌfi/]adjmedium

Meaning: বদ্ধ ও অস্বস্তিকর

Alt: বাতাস চলাচলহীন বা সেকেলে

Example: Kamal disliked working in a stuffy office.

Syn: airless, confinedAnt: airy, well-ventilated

💡 Exam tip: Use stuffy to contrast an office with the open air.

4. Weird Jobs and Work Conditions (8 words)

weird[/wɪərd/]adjeasy

Meaning: অদ্ভুত

Alt: স্বাভাবিক বা পরিচিত নয় এমন

Example: Some people earn money from weird jobs.

Syn: strange, peculiarAnt: normal, ordinary

💡 Exam tip: Weird, strange, odd and unusual are important synonyms from the lesson.

odd[/ɒd/]adjeasy

Meaning: অস্বাভাবিক বা অদ্ভুত

Alt: সাধারণের তুলনায় ভিন্ন

Example: Picking up chewing gum may seem like an odd job.

Syn: unusual, bizarreAnt: usual, common

💡 Exam tip: Odd can also mean an unmatched number or a small amount; use context carefully.

assess[/əˈses/]verbmedium

Meaning: মূল্যায়ন করা

Alt: গুণমান বা মূল্য বিচার করা

Example: Some workers assess whether furniture is comfortable.

Syn: evaluate, judgeAnt: ignore, neglect

💡 Exam tip: The noun form is assessment.

comfort[/ˈkʌmfərt/]nouneasy

Meaning: আরাম

Alt: শারীরিক বা মানসিক স্বস্তি

Example: The job involves testing the comfort of furniture.

Syn: ease, convenienceAnt: discomfort, pain

💡 Exam tip: Comfort can be a noun or a verb; comfortable is its common adjective form.

freedom[/ˈfriːdəm/]nouneasy

Meaning: স্বাধীনতা

Alt: নিজের ইচ্ছামতো কাজ করার সুযোগ

Example: Part-time work can give people a taste of freedom.

Syn: liberty, independenceAnt: restriction, captivity

💡 Exam tip: The adjective is free and the opposite noun is restriction.

flexible[/ˈfleksəbəl/]adjmedium

Meaning: নমনীয়

Alt: সময় বা নিয়মের ক্ষেত্রে সহজে পরিবর্তনযোগ্য

Example: Freelance jobs offer flexible working hours.

Syn: adaptable, adjustableAnt: rigid, inflexible

💡 Exam tip: Flexible schedule is a useful phrase for paragraph writing.

secondary[/ˈsekən deri/]adjmedium

Meaning: গৌণ বা অতিরিক্ত

Alt: প্রধান নয় এমন; দ্বিতীয় পর্যায়ের

Example: A strange job may provide a secondary income.

Syn: additional, supplementaryAnt: primary, main

💡 Exam tip: In the lesson, secondary income means extra income besides the main one.

challenge[/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/]nouneasy

Meaning: চ্যালেঞ্জ

Alt: কঠিন কাজ বা পরীক্ষা

Example: Choosing an unconventional career can be a challenge.

Syn: difficulty, testAnt: ease, advantage

💡 Exam tip: Challenge is also a verb meaning to invite someone to compete or prove something.

5. Floral Career and Skills (8 words)

florist[/ˈflɒrɪst/]nouneasy

Meaning: ফুল বিক্রেতা বা ফুলসজ্জাকারী

Alt: ফুল নিয়ে পেশাগতভাবে কাজ করা ব্যক্তি

Example: A florist prepares flower arrangements for special events.

Syn: flower seller, floral designer

💡 Exam tip: Do not confuse florist with flower farmer; a florist designs and sells floral arrangements.

floral[/ˈflɔːrəl/]adjmedium

Meaning: ফুলসংক্রান্ত

Alt: ফুল বা ফুলের নকশার সঙ্গে সম্পর্কিত

Example: The shop displayed beautiful floral decorations.

Syn: flowery, botanical

💡 Exam tip: Floral is an adjective; flower is usually a noun.

fragrance[/ˈfreɪɡrəns/]nouneasy

Meaning: সুগন্ধ

Alt: মনোরম গন্ধ

Example: The fragrance of jasmine filled the flower shop.

Syn: aroma, scentAnt: odor, stench

💡 Exam tip: Fragrance generally has a positive meaning, unlike odor or stench.

aesthetic[/iːsˈθetɪk/]adjhard

Meaning: নান্দনিক

Alt: সৌন্দর্য ও শিল্পরুচির সঙ্গে সম্পর্কিত

Example: A florist needs an aesthetic sense.

Syn: artistic, beautifulAnt: ugly, unattractive

💡 Exam tip: The noun is aesthetics; aesthetic sense means awareness of beauty.

arrangement[/əˈreɪndʒmənt/]nouneasy

Meaning: সজ্জা বা বিন্যাস

Alt: সুশৃঙ্খলভাবে সাজানো জিনিস

Example: The florist made a colourful flower arrangement.

Syn: display, compositionAnt: disorder, confusion

💡 Exam tip: Flower arrangement is a common collocation in this lesson.

accessory[/əkˈsesəri/]nounmedium

Meaning: সহায়ক সাজসজ্জার উপকরণ

Alt: মূল জিনিসকে আকর্ষণীয় করার অতিরিক্ত বস্তু

Example: Ribbons are useful accessories in floral designs.

Syn: decoration, ornamentAnt: essential

💡 Exam tip: The plural is accessories; change y to ies.

proportion[/prəˈpɔːrʃən/]nounhard

Meaning: অনুপাত

Alt: অংশগুলোর মধ্যে সঠিক ভারসাম্য

Example: A good florist understands colour, shape and proportion.

Syn: balance, ratioAnt: imbalance, disproportion

💡 Exam tip: Mention proportion with colour and shape when describing a florist's qualities.

apprenticeship[/əˈprentɪsʃɪp/]nounhard

Meaning: শিক্ষানবিশি

Alt: অভিজ্ঞ ব্যক্তির কাছে কাজ শিখে প্রশিক্ষণ নেওয়া

Example: Most florists learn the trade through apprenticeship.

Syn: training, internshipAnt: inexperience

💡 Exam tip: An apprentice is a learner who receives practical training from an expert.

6. Work, Income and Practical Expressions (8 words)

steady[/ˈstedi/]adjeasy

Meaning: স্থির বা নিয়মিত

Alt: নিরবচ্ছিন্ন ও নির্ভরযোগ্য

Example: Many people believe that a steady job brings happiness.

Syn: stable, regularAnt: unstable, irregular

💡 Exam tip: Steady job means a secure and regular job.

income[/ˈɪnkʌm/]nouneasy

Meaning: আয়

Alt: কাজ বা বিনিয়োগ থেকে প্রাপ্ত অর্থ

Example: A part-time job can provide extra income.

Syn: earnings, revenueAnt: expenditure, loss

💡 Exam tip: Income is money received; expenditure is money spent.

wage[/weɪdʒ/]nouneasy

Meaning: মজুরি

Alt: কাজের বিনিময়ে দেওয়া অর্থ

Example: People doing unusual jobs can earn good wages.

Syn: pay, salaryAnt: debt

💡 Exam tip: Wages are often paid for hours or days of work, while salary is usually fixed monthly pay.

earn[/ɜːrn/]verbeasy

Meaning: উপার্জন করা

Alt: কাজের বিনিময়ে অর্থ পাওয়া

Example: Kamal earns enough money to support his family.

Syn: make, receiveAnt: spend, lose

💡 Exam tip: Use earn money, earn a living and earn good wages correctly.

decent[/ˈdiːsənt/]adjeasy

Meaning: শোভন ও যথেষ্ট ভালো

Alt: সম্মানজনক জীবনযাপনের উপযোগী

Example: His income allows him to lead a decent life.

Syn: reasonable, respectableAnt: poor, unacceptable

💡 Exam tip: A decent life is a frequent phrase in comprehension answers.

manage[/ˈmænɪdʒ/]verbeasy

Meaning: পরিচালনা করা

Alt: কোনো কাজ সফলভাবে সামলানো

Example: She manages a flower shop successfully.

Syn: handle, controlAnt: mismanage, neglect

💡 Exam tip: The noun is management and the person is a manager.

suitable[/ˈsuːtəbəl/]adjeasy

Meaning: উপযুক্ত

Alt: কোনো উদ্দেশ্য বা ব্যক্তির জন্য মানানসই

Example: Students should choose a suitable career according to their interests.

Syn: appropriate, fittingAnt: unsuitable, inappropriate

💡 Exam tip: Suitable for is the correct preposition pattern.

passion[/ˈpæʃən/]nounmedium

Meaning: গভীর আগ্রহ বা অনুরাগ

Alt: কোনো কাজের প্রতি প্রবল ভালোবাসা

Example: A true passion for flowers can make a florist successful.

Syn: enthusiasm, devotionAnt: apathy, indifference

💡 Exam tip: Passion for something is a useful phrase in opinion paragraphs.

💡 Exam Tips

• For comprehension answers, write complete sentences and use information directly from the passage.

• Remember that Kamal left his previous job because he disliked the stuffy office and preferred nature and open-air work.

• Mention both advantages and disadvantages when asked about Kamal's present job: he enjoys nature and independence, but his income is not steady in all seasons.

• The winter and monsoon are Kamal's two busiest and most profitable seasons.

• Use although, but, because and however to connect ideas in paragraph and opinion writing.

• Distinguish florist from flower farmer: a florist designs and prepares displays, while a flower farmer mainly grows flowers.

• In a debate, give both a clear position and supporting reasons such as freedom, income, training, risk and personal satisfaction.

• For synonym questions, match the meaning according to context; weird may mean strange, while decent means respectable or satisfactory.

• Use the correct collocations: earn a living, earn wages, lead a decent life, work part-time, take a challenge and gain experience.

• In a job description, include duties, required qualities, training, workplace, benefits and possible disadvantages.

English For Today Classes Nine and Ten - Unconventional Jobs - Vocabulary

Chapter: Unconventional Jobs

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