English Grammar and Composition Classes Nine and Ten - E-mails - Vocabulary (Part 2) | Free Course

Chapter: E-mails

📚 Vocabulary

English Grammar and Composition Classes Nine and Ten

⭐ Most Important Exam Words

recipient — প্রাপকsender — প্রেরকsubject — বিষয়attachment — সংযুক্ত ফাইলinform — জানানোrequest — অনুরোধ করাpermission — অনুমতিinvite — আমন্ত্রণ জানানোconfirm — নিশ্চিত করাattend — উপস্থিত থাকাenquire — জিজ্ঞাসা করাreply — উত্তর দেওয়াapologize — ক্ষমা চাওয়াgrateful — কৃতজ্ঞsincerely — আন্তরিকভাবেfaithfully — বিশ্বস্তভাবেregarding — সম্পর্কেavailable — উপলভ্যurgent — জরুরিassistance — সহায়তাappreciate — কৃতজ্ঞতা প্রকাশ করাresponse — উত্তর বা প্রতিক্রিয়া

📃 Word Formation Rules

► Add -tion to invite to form invitation: invite → invitation.

► Add -tion to inform to form information: inform → information.

► Add -ance to assist to form assistance: assist → assistance.

► Add -ment to attach to form attachment: attach → attachment.

► Add -al to arrive to form arrival: arrive → arrival.

► Add -ful to thank to form thankful: thank → thankful.

► Add -less to help to form helpless: help → helpless.

► Add -ly to sincere to form sincerely: sincere → sincerely.

► Add -ly to faithful to form faithfully: faithful → faithfully.

► Add -able to comfort to form comfortable: comfort → comfortable.

► Use the noun response and the verb respond as related forms.

► Use the adjective available and the noun availability as related forms.

1. E-mail Structure and Parts (8 words)

recipient[/rɪˈsɪpiənt/]nouneasy

Meaning: প্রাপক

Alt: যে ব্যক্তি ই-মেইল পায়

Example: Please check the recipient's e-mail address carefully.

Syn: receiverAnt: sender

💡 Exam tip: Recipient means the person who receives the e-mail.

sender[/ˈsendər/]nouneasy

Meaning: প্রেরক

Alt: যে ব্যক্তি ই-মেইল পাঠায়

Example: The sender wrote his name at the end of the message.

Syn: writerAnt: recipient

💡 Exam tip: Use sender for the person writing or sending an e-mail.

subject[/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/]nouneasy

Meaning: বিষয়

Alt: ই-মেইলের সংক্ষিপ্ত শিরোনাম

Example: Write a clear subject for your e-mail.

Syn: topicAnt: detail

💡 Exam tip: The subject should be brief and relevant.

attachment[/əˈtætʃmənt/]nounmedium

Meaning: সংযুক্ত ফাইল

Alt: ই-মেইলের সঙ্গে পাঠানো নথি বা ছবি

Example: I have sent the required document as an attachment.

Syn: enclosureAnt: separation

💡 Exam tip: Mention an attachment when a file is included with the e-mail.

inbox[/ˈɪnbɒks/]nouneasy

Meaning: প্রাপ্ত মেইলের বাক্স

Alt: যেখানে আসা ই-মেইল জমা থাকে

Example: The reply is waiting in my inbox.

Syn: mailboxAnt: outbox

💡 Exam tip: Inbox contains received messages.

outbox[/ˈaʊtbɒks/]nounmedium

Meaning: প্রেরণ বাক্স

Alt: যেখানে পাঠানোর অপেক্ষায় থাকা মেইল থাকে

Example: The message is still in the outbox.

Syn: send-boxAnt: inbox

💡 Exam tip: Do not confuse outbox with inbox.

message[/ˈmesɪdʒ/]nouneasy

Meaning: বার্তা

Alt: লিখিত তথ্য বা সংবাদ

Example: Her message was short but informative.

Syn: noticeAnt: silence

💡 Exam tip: Message is the main written content of an e-mail.

address[/əˈdres/]nouneasy

Meaning: ঠিকানা

Alt: ই-মেইল পাঠানোর পরিচয়

Example: Please send the form to this e-mail address.

Syn: locationAnt: misdirection

💡 Exam tip: An e-mail address usually contains @ and a domain name.

2. Opening and Greeting Expressions (8 words)

dear[/dɪər/]adjeasy

Meaning: প্রিয়

Alt: সম্বোধনে ব্যবহৃত সৌজন্যমূলক শব্দ

Example: Dear Sir, I am writing to request your help.

Syn: belovedAnt: hated

💡 Exam tip: Use Dear Sir or Dear Madam in formal e-mails.

greeting[/ˈɡriːtɪŋ/]nouneasy

Meaning: অভিবাদন

Alt: শুভেচ্ছা জানানোর কথা

Example: The e-mail begins with a polite greeting.

Syn: salutationAnt: farewell

💡 Exam tip: A greeting comes at the beginning of an e-mail.

respectfully[/rɪˈspektfəli/]advmedium

Meaning: শ্রদ্ধার সঙ্গে

Alt: সম্মানজনকভাবে

Example: I respectfully request you to consider my application.

Syn: courteouslyAnt: rudely

💡 Exam tip: Use respectfully in formal requests and applications.

humbly[/ˈhʌmbli/]advmedium

Meaning: বিনীতভাবে

Alt: নম্রতার সঙ্গে

Example: I humbly request permission to join the programme.

Syn: modestlyAnt: proudly

💡 Exam tip: Humbly is useful in polite requests to authorities.

hello[/həˈləʊ/]nouneasy

Meaning: হ্যালো

Alt: অনানুষ্ঠানিক অভিবাদন

Example: Hello Rafi, I hope you are well.

Syn: hiAnt: goodbye

💡 Exam tip: Use Hello in friendly or informal e-mails.

welcome[/ˈwelkəm/]adjeasy

Meaning: স্বাগত

Alt: আনন্দের সঙ্গে গ্রহণযোগ্য

Example: You are always welcome to visit our school.

Syn: invitedAnt: unwelcome

💡 Exam tip: Welcome may express hospitality or acceptance.

pleased[/pliːzd/]adjmedium

Meaning: আনন্দিত

Alt: সন্তুষ্ট

Example: I am pleased to inform you that you have won the prize.

Syn: delightedAnt: disappointed

💡 Exam tip: I am pleased to inform you is a common formal expression.

hope[/həʊp/]verbeasy

Meaning: আশা করা

Alt: ভালো কিছু প্রত্যাশা করা

Example: I hope you will attend the meeting.

Syn: expectAnt: despair

💡 Exam tip: I hope you are well is a suitable opening sentence.

3. Requests, Permission and Invitations (8 words)

request[/rɪˈkwest/]verbeasy

Meaning: অনুরোধ করা

Alt: ভদ্রভাবে কিছু চাওয়া

Example: I request you to grant me leave for two days.

Syn: askAnt: refuse

💡 Exam tip: For formal writing, use request rather than simply ask.

permission[/pəˈmɪʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: অনুমতি

Alt: কোনো কাজ করার সম্মতি

Example: I need your permission to organize the event.

Syn: consentAnt: prohibition

💡 Exam tip: The common phrase is ask for or seek permission.

invite[/ɪnˈvaɪt/]verbeasy

Meaning: আমন্ত্রণ জানানো

Alt: কোনো অনুষ্ঠানে আসতে বলা

Example: We invite you to join our cultural programme.

Syn: requestAnt: exclude

💡 Exam tip: Use invite someone to an event.

invitation[/ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: আমন্ত্রণ

Alt: অনুষ্ঠানে যোগ দেওয়ার অনুরোধ

Example: Thank you for your kind invitation.

Syn: requestAnt: rejection

💡 Exam tip: Invitation is the noun form of invite.

allow[/əˈlaʊ/]verbeasy

Meaning: অনুমতি দেওয়া

Alt: কোনো কাজ করতে দেওয়া

Example: Please allow me to participate in the competition.

Syn: permitAnt: forbid

💡 Exam tip: Allow is followed by an object and to plus verb.

permit[/pəˈmɪt/]verbmedium

Meaning: অনুমতি দেওয়া

Alt: অনুমোদন করা

Example: The head teacher permitted us to use the hall.

Syn: allowAnt: prohibit

💡 Exam tip: Permit is more formal than allow.

confirm[/kənˈfɜːrm/]verbmedium

Meaning: নিশ্চিত করা

Alt: সত্যতা বা উপস্থিতি জানানো

Example: Please confirm your attendance by tomorrow.

Syn: verifyAnt: deny

💡 Exam tip: Confirm an appointment, booking, or attendance.

attend[/əˈtend/]verbmedium

Meaning: উপস্থিত থাকা

Alt: কোনো অনুষ্ঠান বা সভায় যোগ দেওয়া

Example: I shall attend the seminar next Friday.

Syn: joinAnt: miss

💡 Exam tip: Attend is followed directly by the event, without to.

4. Information, News and Enquiry (8 words)

inform[/ɪnˈfɔːrm/]verbeasy

Meaning: জানানো

Alt: কাউকে তথ্য দেওয়া

Example: I am writing to inform you about the change of schedule.

Syn: notifyAnt: conceal

💡 Exam tip: Use inform someone about something.

information[/ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən/]nouneasy

Meaning: তথ্য

Alt: কোনো বিষয়ের জ্ঞান বা সংবাদ

Example: Please send me information about the course.

Syn: detailsAnt: ignorance

💡 Exam tip: Information is uncountable; do not write informations.

announce[/əˈnaʊns/]verbmedium

Meaning: ঘোষণা করা

Alt: সবার সামনে সংবাদ জানানো

Example: The authority announced the examination date.

Syn: declareAnt: conceal

💡 Exam tip: Use announce when information is made public.

notice[/ˈnəʊtɪs/]nouneasy

Meaning: বিজ্ঞপ্তি

Alt: গুরুত্বপূর্ণ লিখিত ঘোষণা

Example: The school issued a notice about the holiday.

Syn: announcementAnt: secrecy

💡 Exam tip: Notice often refers to an official written announcement.

enquire[/ɪnˈkwaɪər/]verbmedium

Meaning: জিজ্ঞাসা করা

Alt: তথ্য জানতে চাওয়া

Example: I am writing to enquire about the admission process.

Syn: askAnt: answer

💡 Exam tip: Enquire about something is a formal expression.

explain[/ɪkˈspleɪn/]verbmedium

Meaning: ব্যাখ্যা করা

Alt: কোনো বিষয় পরিষ্কার করে বলা

Example: Could you explain the rules of the contest?

Syn: clarifyAnt: confuse

💡 Exam tip: Use explain something to someone, not explain someone something.

detail[/ˈdiːteɪl/]nouneasy

Meaning: বিস্তারিত তথ্য

Alt: কোনো বিষয়ের নির্দিষ্ট বিবরণ

Example: Please provide the details of the journey.

Syn: particularAnt: outline

💡 Exam tip: Details is commonly used in requests for further information.

reply[/rɪˈplaɪ/]verbeasy

Meaning: উত্তর দেওয়া

Alt: কোনো বার্তার জবাব দেওয়া

Example: Please reply to this e-mail at your earliest convenience.

Syn: respondAnt: ignore

💡 Exam tip: Reply to an e-mail, not reply an e-mail.

5. Apology, Thanks and Closing (8 words)

apologize[/əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/]verbeasy

Meaning: ক্ষমা চাওয়া

Alt: ভুলের জন্য দুঃখ প্রকাশ করা

Example: I apologize for the delay in replying.

Syn: regretAnt: offend

💡 Exam tip: Use apologize for plus a noun or gerund.

regret[/rɪˈɡret/]verbmedium

Meaning: দুঃখিত হওয়া

Alt: কোনো ঘটনার জন্য অনুতপ্ত হওয়া

Example: We regret to inform you that your application was unsuccessful.

Syn: lamentAnt: rejoice

💡 Exam tip: We regret to inform you is a common formal phrase.

excuse[/ɪkˈskjuːz/]verbeasy

Meaning: ক্ষমা করা

Alt: ভুলের জন্য দোষ না দেওয়া

Example: Please excuse me for not attending the meeting.

Syn: forgiveAnt: blame

💡 Exam tip: Excuse me is polite; excuse someone for something is formal.

thankful[/ˈθæŋkfəl/]adjeasy

Meaning: কৃতজ্ঞ

Alt: উপকারের জন্য ধন্য

Example: I am thankful to you for your kind assistance.

Syn: gratefulAnt: ungrateful

💡 Exam tip: Thankful to someone for something is the correct pattern.

grateful[/ˈɡreɪtfəl/]adjmedium

Meaning: কৃতজ্ঞ

Alt: সহায়তার জন্য গভীরভাবে ধন্য

Example: I shall be grateful if you help me in this matter.

Syn: thankfulAnt: ungrateful

💡 Exam tip: I shall be grateful if you is useful in formal requests.

sincerely[/sɪnˈsɪəli/]adveasy

Meaning: আন্তরিকভাবে

Alt: সত্যনিষ্ঠ ও আন্তরিকভাবে

Example: Yours sincerely, Karim.

Syn: honestlyAnt: insincerely

💡 Exam tip: Use Yours sincerely when the recipient's name is known.

faithfully[/ˈfeɪθfəli/]adveasy

Meaning: বিশ্বস্তভাবে

Alt: আনুগত্য ও আন্তরিকতার সঙ্গে

Example: Yours faithfully, Amina Rahman.

Syn: loyallyAnt: disloyally

💡 Exam tip: Use Yours faithfully after Dear Sir or Dear Madam.

regards[/rɪˈɡɑːrdz/]nouneasy

Meaning: শুভেচ্ছা

Alt: চিঠির শেষে সৌজন্যমূলক অভিব্যক্তি

Example: Best regards, Tanvir.

Syn: good wishesAnt: disrespect

💡 Exam tip: Best regards is suitable for semi-formal e-mails.

6. Useful Formal E-mail Language (8 words)

regarding[/rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/]prepmedium

Meaning: সম্পর্কে

Alt: কোনো বিষয়ের প্রসঙ্গে

Example: I am writing regarding the school excursion.

Syn: concerningAnt: excluding

💡 Exam tip: Regarding is followed by a noun or noun phrase.

available[/əˈveɪləbəl/]adjeasy

Meaning: উপলভ্য

Alt: পাওয়া যায় এমন

Example: Please let me know when you are available.

Syn: accessibleAnt: unavailable

💡 Exam tip: Available is often used when arranging a meeting.

convenient[/kənˈviːniənt/]adjmedium

Meaning: সুবিধাজনক

Alt: যা করতে সহজ বা উপযুক্ত

Example: Please reply at your earliest convenience.

Syn: suitableAnt: inconvenient

💡 Exam tip: At your earliest convenience is a polite formal expression.

urgent[/ˈɜːrdʒənt/]adjeasy

Meaning: জরুরি

Alt: দ্রুত মনোযোগ প্রয়োজন এমন

Example: This is an urgent request for medical assistance.

Syn: pressingAnt: unimportant

💡 Exam tip: Use urgent only when immediate action is necessary.

necessary[/ˈnesəsəri/]adjeasy

Meaning: প্রয়োজনীয়

Alt: অপরিহার্য

Example: Please take the necessary steps to solve the problem.

Syn: essentialAnt: unnecessary

💡 Exam tip: Necessary is commonly used with steps, documents, or action.

assistance[/əˈsɪstəns/]nounmedium

Meaning: সহায়তা

Alt: কাজে সাহায্য

Example: I need your assistance in completing the form.

Syn: helpAnt: hindrance

💡 Exam tip: Assistance is a formal synonym of help.

appreciate[/əˈpriːʃieɪt/]verbmedium

Meaning: কৃতজ্ঞতা প্রকাশ করা

Alt: মূল্য বুঝতে বা স্বীকার করতে পারা

Example: I would appreciate your prompt response.

Syn: valueAnt: disregard

💡 Exam tip: I would appreciate it if you... is a polite request pattern.

response[/rɪˈspɒns/]nouneasy

Meaning: উত্তর বা প্রতিক্রিয়া

Alt: কোনো বার্তার জবাব

Example: I look forward to your response.

Syn: replyAnt: question

💡 Exam tip: Response is the noun form of respond.

💡 Exam Tips

• Begin a formal e-mail with a clear subject and an appropriate greeting.

• Use Dear Sir or Dear Madam when the recipient's name is unknown.

• Use Dear Mr or Dear Ms followed by the surname when the recipient's name is known.

• State the purpose of the e-mail in the first paragraph.

• Keep the message concise, clear, polite, and relevant to the topic.

• Use paragraphs for the purpose, details, request, and closing.

• Write I am writing to inform you about... for giving formal information.

• Write I am writing to request... or I would like to request... for a formal request.

• Write I am writing to enquire about... when asking for information.

• Use Yours sincerely when the recipient's name is known.

• Use Yours faithfully after Dear Sir or Dear Madam.

• Use Best regards for a friendly or semi-formal closing.

• Mention the attachment clearly if a file is included.

• Do not use texting abbreviations such as u, pls, or ASAP in a formal exam e-mail.

• Check spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and the e-mail address before submitting.

• Remember that information, advice, and assistance are generally uncountable nouns.

• Use reply to, apologize for, enquire about, and look forward to correctly.

• End with the sender's name and, when necessary, class or contact details.

English Grammar and Composition Classes Nine and Ten - E-mails - Vocabulary (Part 2)

Chapter: E-mails

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