Chapter: Games and Sports
đ Vocabulary
English for Today Class Seven
â Most Important Exam Words
gamesportcompetitionopponentmatchrulefairhonestcheatrespectrefereeumpireteamteammatecooperationrunpasshitcatchkickthrowdefendscorepointgoalwinlosevictorydefeatdrawfitnessstrengthstaminaendurancedisciplineteamworkencouragesportsmanship
đ Word Formation Rules
âē play â player, playful, playground
âē compete â competition, competitor, competitive
âē sport â sportsman, sportsmanship, sporty
âē cooperate â cooperation, cooperative
âē respect â respectful, respectfully, disrespect
âē obey â obedience, obedient, disobedient
âē decide â decision, decisive, indecisive
âē defend â defence, defender, defensive
âē fit â fitness, fitter, unfit
âē strong â strength, strongly, strengthen
âē win â winner, winning
âē victory â victorious
1. Games and Sports Basics (8 words)
game[/ÉĄeÉĒm/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ˛āĻž; āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽ āĻŽā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻšā§ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽ
Alt: āĻā§āĻ°ā§ā§āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ¨āĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽ
Example: Our school arranged a friendly game of football.
Syn: matchAnt: inactivity
đĄ Exam tip: Game is a countable noun: a game, two games.
sport[/spÉËrt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ°ā§ā§āĻž; āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžā§āĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽ
Example: Cricket is a popular sport in Bangladesh.
Syn: athleticsAnt: idleness
đĄ Exam tip: Use sports when referring to different kinds of athletic activities.
activity[/ÃĻkËtÉĒvÉti/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽ; āĻāĻžāĻ
Alt: āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ
Example: Games are useful activities for students.
Syn: actionAnt: inactivity
đĄ Exam tip: Activity is often followed by for or of: an activity for children.
competition[/ËkÉmpÉËtÉĒĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž
Example: Our team took part in a swimming competition.
Syn: contestAnt: cooperation
đĄ Exam tip: The adjective is competitive and the verb is compete.
contest[/ËkÉntest/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž; āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻā§ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž
Example: He won the running contest.
Syn: competitionAnt: agreement
đĄ Exam tip: Contest can also be a verb meaning challenge or oppose.
opponent[/ÉËpÉĘnÉnt/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĒāĻā§āĻˇ
Alt: āĻ¯ā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻĒāĻā§āĻˇā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§
Example: The player respected his opponent.
Syn: rivalAnt: ally
đĄ Exam tip: Opponent is a person or team; opposition is the act of resisting.
match[/mÃĻtĘ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŦ
Alt: āĻĻā§āĻ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž
Example: The cricket match will start at ten o'clock.
Syn: gameAnt: recess
đĄ Exam tip: Match may also mean a suitable pair or an equal comparison.
event[/ÉĒËvent/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ; āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻā§ā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ
āĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨
Example: The 100-metre race is an important event.
Syn: occasionAnt: routine
đĄ Exam tip: In sports, event means a particular competition such as a race or jump.
2. Rules and Fair Play (8 words)
rule[/ruËl/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽ
Alt: āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻļ
Example: Every player must follow the rules.
Syn: regulationAnt: disorder
đĄ Exam tip: Follow, obey, and break are common verbs used with rule.
regulation[/ËreÉĄjÉËleÉĒĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻŋ; āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽ
Alt: āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻļ
Example: The players learned the regulations before the match.
Syn: ruleAnt: freedom
đĄ Exam tip: Regulation is more formal than rule.
fair[/feÉr/]adjeasy
Meaning: āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯; āĻĒāĻā§āĻˇāĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻšā§āĻ¨
Alt: āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ¯
Example: The referee made a fair decision.
Syn: justAnt: unfair
đĄ Exam tip: Fair play means honest and respectful behaviour in a game.
honest[/ËÉnÉĒst/]adjeasy
Meaning: āĻ¸ā§
Alt: āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻžāĻŽā§āĻā§āĻ¤
Example: An honest player never cheats.
Syn: truthfulAnt: dishonest
đĄ Exam tip: The noun form is honesty and the adverb is honestly.
cheat[/tĘiËt/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻž; āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽ āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻž āĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻž
Alt: āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžā§ āĻ
āĻ¸ā§ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: Players should never cheat to win.
Syn: deceiveAnt: play fairly
đĄ Exam tip: Cheat is followed by on in expressions such as cheat on an exam.
respect[/rÉĒËspekt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨
Alt: āĻ
āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻ
āĻ§āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ āĻŽāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻž
Example: Players should show respect to the referee.
Syn: honourAnt: disrespect
đĄ Exam tip: Respect can be both a noun and a verb.
decision[/dÉĒËsÉĒĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻ¸āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤
Alt: āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻāĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻž āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻž āĻ°āĻžā§
Example: The umpire's decision ended the argument.
Syn: judgementAnt: indecision
đĄ Exam tip: The verb is decide; use decide to + base verb.
obedience[/ÉËbiËdiÉns/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯; āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻŽā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻ˛āĻž
Alt: āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻĒāĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ° āĻāĻĻā§āĻļ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¨
Example: Obedience to the rules keeps the game safe.
Syn: complianceAnt: disobedience
đĄ Exam tip: The adjective is obedient and the verb is obey.
3. Players, Officials and Teamwork (8 words)
player[/ËpleÉĒÉr/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ā§āĻžā§
Alt: āĻ¯ā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžā§ āĻ
āĻāĻļ āĻ¨ā§ā§
Example: Each player wore the school uniform.
Syn: participantAnt: spectator
đĄ Exam tip: Player is formed from play + -er.
team[/tiËm/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĻāĻ˛
Alt: āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ˛āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ā§āĻžā§āĻĻā§āĻ° group
Example: Our team practises every afternoon.
Syn: sideAnt: individual
đĄ Exam tip: A team usually takes a singular verb in British English: The team is ready.
teammate[/ËtiËmmeÉĒt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĻāĻ˛ā§ā§ āĻ¸āĻšāĻā§āĻ˛ā§ā§āĻžā§
Alt: āĻāĻāĻ āĻĻāĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯
Example: She passed the ball to her teammate.
Syn: team memberAnt: opponent
đĄ Exam tip: Teammate is a compound word: team + mate.
captain[/ËkÃĻptÉĒn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻ
āĻ§āĻŋāĻ¨āĻžā§āĻ
Alt: āĻĻāĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž
Example: The captain encouraged the players before the match.
Syn: leaderAnt: follower
đĄ Exam tip: Captain can be used as a verb: He captained the team.
referee[/ËrefÉËriË/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻ°ā§āĻĢāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ
Alt: āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§ā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻž
Example: The referee blew the whistle.
Syn: officialAnt: player
đĄ Exam tip: A referee usually controls football or other field games.
umpire[/ËĘmpaÉĒÉr/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžā§āĻžāĻ°
Alt: āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻˇāĻ¤ āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽ āĻ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻž
Example: The umpire gave the batsman out.
Syn: officialAnt: batsman
đĄ Exam tip: Use umpire mainly with cricket, baseball, and similar games.
spectator[/spekËteÉĒtÉr/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻ
Alt: āĻ¯ā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ
āĻāĻļ āĻ¨ā§ā§ āĻ¨āĻž
Example: Many spectators watched the final match.
Syn: viewerAnt: participant
đĄ Exam tip: Spectator comes from the idea of seeing or watching.
cooperation[/kÉĘËÉpÉËreÉĒĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻāĻ¸āĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻā§āĻāĻž āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽ
Example: Teamwork requires cooperation among all players.
Syn: collaborationAnt: conflict
đĄ Exam tip: The adjective is cooperative and the verb is cooperate.
4. Actions and Skills in Sports (8 words)
run[/rĘn/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĻā§ā§āĻžāĻ¨ā§
Alt: āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻĒāĻžā§ā§ āĻāĻ˛āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĻā§ā§ā§ āĻ
āĻā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ° āĻšāĻā§āĻž
Example: The batsmen ran between the wickets.
Syn: sprintAnt: stop
đĄ Exam tip: Run is an irregular verb: run, ran, run.
pass[/pÉËs/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĒāĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻ°āĻž; āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ
āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ā§āĻžā§āĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž
Alt: āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ
āĻ¤āĻŋāĻā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: The midfielder passed the ball to Rafi.
Syn: handAnt: keep
đĄ Exam tip: Pass may also mean succeed in an examination.
hit[/hÉĒt/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻāĻāĻžāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž; āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻāĻžāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: The batsman hit the ball across the field.
Syn: strikeAnt: miss
đĄ Exam tip: Hit is unchanged in all three forms: hit, hit, hit.
catch[/kÃĻtĘ/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻ§āĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§
Example: The fielder caught the ball successfully.
Syn: captureAnt: drop
đĄ Exam tip: Catch is irregular: catch, caught, caught.
kick[/kÉĒk/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĒāĻž āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻāĻžāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻĒāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻāĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž
Example: The striker kicked the ball into the net.
Syn: bootAnt: receive
đĄ Exam tip: Kick is commonly used in football: kick the ball.
throw[/θrÉĘ/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻā§ā§āĻž
Alt: āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§āĻˇā§āĻĒ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: The player threw the ball to the wicketkeeper.
Syn: tossAnt: catch
đĄ Exam tip: Throw is irregular: throw, threw, thrown.
defend[/dÉĒËfend/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻ°āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻž; āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻšāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻĻāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨āĻā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻž
Example: The defenders worked hard to defend their goal.
Syn: protectAnt: attack
đĄ Exam tip: The noun is defence or defense; both spellings are used.
score[/skÉËr/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĒā§ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āĻ˛ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ā§ āĻĒā§ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻ
āĻ°ā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: Our team scored two goals.
Syn: gainAnt: lose
đĄ Exam tip: Score is both a verb and a noun: score a goal; the final score.
5. Results and Match Terms (8 words)
point[/pÉÉĒnt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĒā§ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ; āĻ¨āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ°
Alt: āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžā§ āĻ
āĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻāĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻā§āĻ°
Example: Our team won the match by three points.
Syn: markAnt: loss
đĄ Exam tip: Point is used in many scoring systems and is countable.
goal[/ÉĄÉĘl/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ˛
Alt: āĻĢā§āĻāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦā§āĻļ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻžāĻā§āĻž āĻĒā§ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ
Example: The player scored the winning goal.
Syn: scoreAnt: miss
đĄ Exam tip: Goal also means an aim or purpose in ordinary English.
run[/rĘn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨; āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻ
āĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻā§āĻ°
Alt: āĻĻā§ā§āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ
Example: Bangladesh needed ten runs to win.
Syn: scoreAnt: wicket
đĄ Exam tip: In cricket, run is a scoring noun; in another context it may mean a race.
win[/wÉĒn/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻšāĻā§āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ
āĻ°ā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: Our school won the final match.
Syn: triumphAnt: lose
đĄ Exam tip: Win is irregular: win, won, won; the noun is victory or win.
lose[/luËz/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻā§āĻž; āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§
Alt: āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻā§āĻž
Example: A good player does not lose hope after a defeat.
Syn: failAnt: win
đĄ Exam tip: Lose is different from loose, which means not tight.
victory[/ËvÉĒktÉri/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§
Alt: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžā§ āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ
Example: The team celebrated its victory.
Syn: triumphAnt: defeat
đĄ Exam tip: The adjective is victorious; victory over an opponent is a common phrase.
defeat[/dÉĒËfiËt/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻā§
Alt: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻžā§ āĻšā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻā§āĻž
Example: The players accepted their defeat politely.
Syn: lossAnt: victory
đĄ Exam tip: Defeat can be both a noun and a verb: defeat an opponent.
draw[/drÉË/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻ
āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛
Alt: āĻ¯āĻāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒāĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§
Example: The football match ended in a draw.
Syn: tieAnt: victory
đĄ Exam tip: In sports, draw and tie can both mean a level result.
6. Fitness, Character and Sportsmanship (8 words)
fitness[/ËfÉĒtnÉs/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ āĻ¸āĻā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻˇāĻŽ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ
āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž
Example: Regular exercise improves physical fitness.
Syn: healthAnt: weakness
đĄ Exam tip: Fitness is formed from fit + -ness and is an uncountable noun.
strength[/streÅθ/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ
Alt: āĻļāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ āĻŦāĻ˛
Example: Strength is important in many sports.
Syn: powerAnt: weakness
đĄ Exam tip: The adjective is strong; do not spell strength as strenght.
stamina[/ËstÃĻmÉĒnÉ/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¨āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ
Alt: āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻāĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžā§āĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻž
Example: Long-distance running develops stamina.
Syn: enduranceAnt: tiredness
đĄ Exam tip: Stamina is usually an uncountable noun: build stamina.
endurance[/ÉĒnËdjĘÉrÉns/]nounhard
Meaning: āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¨āĻļā§āĻ˛āĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻˇā§āĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻšā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻˇāĻŽāĻ¤āĻž
Example: Cycling can improve physical endurance.
Syn: staminaAnt: weakness
đĄ Exam tip: The verb is endure, meaning āĻ¸āĻšā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ°āĻž.
discipline[/ËdÉĒsÉplÉĒn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻļā§āĻā§āĻāĻ˛āĻž
Alt: āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽ āĻŽā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻ
āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸
Example: Sports teach students discipline.
Syn: self-controlAnt: disorder
đĄ Exam tip: Discipline may also mean training or control by rules.
teamwork[/ËtiËmwÉËrk/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĻāĻ˛āĻāĻ¤ āĻāĻžāĻ
Alt: āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ˛āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ āĻ
āĻ°ā§āĻāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻāĻ¸āĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: Teamwork helped the players win the match.
Syn: cooperationAnt: selfishness
đĄ Exam tip: Teamwork is an uncountable compound noun.
encourage[/ÉĒnËkĘrÉĒdĘ/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻāĻā§ āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻšā§ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻž
Example: The captain encouraged the tired players.
Syn: motivateAnt: discourage
đĄ Exam tip: Encourage someone to do something is the correct structure.
sportsmanship[/ËspÉËrtsmÉnĘÉĒp/]nounhard
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ°ā§ā§āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ˛āĻ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻāĻžāĻŦ
Alt: āĻ¸āĻ¤āĻ¤āĻž, āĻāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻž āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻā§āĻā§ āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻŖ
Example: Good sportsmanship is more valuable than winning.
Syn: fair playAnt: unsporting behaviour
đĄ Exam tip: Sportsmanship includes accepting victory modestly and defeat calmly.
đĄ Exam Tips
âĸ Learn each word with its Bengali meaning, part of speech, synonym, and antonym.
âĸ Remember the difference between game and sport: a game is a particular activity, while sport usually refers to physical competitive activity.
âĸ Use follow or obey with rules: Players must follow the rules.
âĸ Use win for a match, prize, or competition, but use beat for an opponent or team.
âĸ Remember irregular verbs: run-ran-run, catch-caught-caught, throw-threw-thrown, win-won-won, lose-lost-lost.
âĸ Fair play means honesty, respect, and obedience to rules; it does not simply mean winning.
âĸ In cricket, players score runs, batsmen may be dismissed, and the umpire gives decisions.
âĸ In football, players score goals, the referee controls the match, and the goalkeeper protects the goal.
âĸ Use team spirit and teamwork when describing cooperation among members of a team.
âĸ For paragraph or composition questions, mention health, discipline, cooperation, fair play, and sportsmanship.
âĸ Do not confuse lose with loose: lose means āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§, while loose means āĻĸāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž.
âĸ Use the preposition in after draw: The match ended in a draw.
âĸ Use encourage someone to do something: The coach encouraged us to practise regularly.
âĸ A strong answer should explain that sports teach both physical skills and moral qualities.