Chapter: Attention, Please
đ Vocabulary
English for Today Class Seven
â Most Important Exam Words
attentionattentivelistenfocusconcentrationannouncementannouncemessageinstructioninforminformationpubliccommandrequestrespondresponseobeyfollowimmediatelycalmlyclearclearlyspeakervoiceloudmumblepronounceloudspeakerclassroomstationhospitalassemblyaudienceconductorprincipallistenerwarningalerturgentnoiseinterruptdistractionprepareaction
đ Word Formation Rules
âē attention â attentive: noun āĻĨā§āĻā§ adjective; attention = āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ, attentive = āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻā§āĨ¤
âē announce â announcement: verb-āĻāϰ āĻļā§āώ⧠-ment āϝā§āĻā§ noun; announce = āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻāϰāĻž, announcement = āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻžāĨ¤
âē inform â information: verb āĻĨā§āĻā§ noun; inform = āĻāĻžāύāĻžāύā§, information = āϤāĻĨā§āϝāĨ¤
âē respond â response: verb āĻĨā§āĻā§ noun; respond = āϏāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž, response = āϏāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻāϤā§āϤāϰāĨ¤
âē concentrate â concentration: verb-āĻāϰ āĻļā§āώ⧠-ion āϝā§āĻā§ nounāĨ¤
âē distract â distracted: verb-āĻāϰ āĻļā§āώ⧠-ed āϝā§āĻā§ past participle āĻŦāĻž adjectiveāĨ¤
âē clear â clearly: adjective-āĻāϰ āĻļā§āώ⧠-ly āϝā§āĻā§ adverbāĨ¤
âē calm â calmly: adjective-āĻāϰ āĻļā§āώ⧠-ly āϝā§āĻā§ adverbāĨ¤
âē listen + -er â listener: āĻāĻžāĻ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύāĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠-er āϝā§āĻ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
âē loud + speaker â loudspeaker: āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§ compound noun āĻāĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
âē class + room â classroom: āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋ noun āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§ compound word āĻāĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
âē warn + -ing â warning: verb-āĻāϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ -ing āϝā§āĻā§ noun āĻŦāĻž āĻāϞāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻāĻžāĻā§āϰ āϰā§āĻĒ āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
1. Attention and Listening (8 words)
attention[/ÉËtenĘÉn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ
Alt: āϏāϤāϰā§āĻāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ
Example: Please pay attention to the teacher.
Syn: notice, focusAnt: inattention, distraction
đĄ Exam tip: âPay attentionâ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāϞāĻŋāϤ phrase; āĻāϰ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤
attentive[/ÉËtentÉĒv/]adjmedium
Meaning: āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻā§
Alt: āϏāϤāϰā§āĻ
Example: The attentive students understood the instruction.
Syn: alert, watchfulAnt: careless, inattentive
đĄ Exam tip: Attention-āĻāϰ adjective āĻšāϞ⧠attentiveāĨ¤
listen[/ËlÉĒsÉn/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻļā§āύāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻļā§āύāĻž
Example: Listen carefully to the announcement.
Syn: hear, heedAnt: ignore, disregard
đĄ Exam tip: Listen-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ to āĻŦāϏā§: listen to the teacherāĨ¤
focus[/ËfÉĘkÉs/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āĻā§āύā§āĻĻā§āϰā§āĻā§āϤ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āĻā§āύ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧā§ āϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āϤāĻžāĻāĻžāύā§
Example: Focus on the main message.
Syn: concentrate, attendAnt: distract, neglect
đĄ Exam tip: Focus on āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤
concentration[/ËkÉnsÉnËtreÉĒĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻāĻžāĻā§āϰāϤāĻž
Alt: āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻā§āϰ āĻā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž
Example: Good concentration helps us learn quickly.
Syn: attention, focusAnt: distraction, confusion
đĄ Exam tip: Concentrate-āĻāϰ noun form āĻšāϞ⧠concentrationāĨ¤
distracted[/dÉĒËstrÃĻktÉĒd/]adjmedium
Meaning: āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āώāĻŋāĻĒā§āϤ
Alt: āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻāĻšā§āύ
Example: The noisy room made the students distracted.
Syn: inattentive, absent-mindedAnt: focused, attentive
đĄ Exam tip: Distracted āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āϧāϰ⧠āϰāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧠āύāĻžāĨ¤
notice[/ËnÉĘtÉĒs/]verbeasy
Meaning: āϞāĻā§āώā§āϝ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋ
Example: Did you notice the announcement?
Syn: observe, recognizeAnt: overlook, miss
đĄ Exam tip: Notice noun āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ; notice = āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤
heed[/hiËd/]verbhard
Meaning: āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻļā§āύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāύāĻž
Alt: āϏāϤāϰā§āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻž āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāϏāĻšāĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: We should heed the teacherâs warning.
Syn: notice, followAnt: ignore, neglect
đĄ Exam tip: Heed a warning āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āϏāϤāϰā§āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻž āĻŽā§āύ⧠āĻāϞāĻžāĨ¤
2. Announcements and Messages (8 words)
announcement[/ÉËnaĘnsmÉnt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž
Alt: āϏāϰā§āĻŦāϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖā§āϰ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻžāύāĻžāύ⧠āĻāĻĨāĻž
Example: The principal made an important announcement.
Syn: declaration, noticeAnt: secrecy, silence
đĄ Exam tip: Announce-āĻāϰ noun form āĻšāϞ⧠announcementāĨ¤
announce[/ÉËnaĘns/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻžāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Example: The school will announce the result tomorrow.
Syn: declare, proclaimAnt: conceal, hide
đĄ Exam tip: Announce āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻā§āύ⧠āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻžāύāĻžāύā§āĨ¤
message[/ËmesÉĒdĘ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻž
Alt: āĻā§āύ⧠āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻŦāĻž āϤāĻĨā§āϝ
Example: The teacher gave us a clear message.
Syn: communication, informationAnt: silence, misunderstanding
đĄ Exam tip: Main message āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻŽā§āϞ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝāĨ¤
instruction[/ÉĒnËstrĘkĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ
Example: Follow the instructions carefully.
Syn: direction, guidanceAnt: misdirection, disobedience
đĄ Exam tip: Instruct-āĻāϰ noun form instruction; follow instructions āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ phraseāĨ¤
inform[/ÉĒnËfÉËm/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻžāύāĻžāύā§
Alt: āĻ
āĻŦāĻšāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: Please inform me about the meeting.
Syn: notify, tellAnt: misinform, conceal
đĄ Exam tip: Inform someone about something āĻāĻ āύāĻāĻŋ āĻŽāύ⧠āϰāĻžāĻā§āύāĨ¤
information[/ËÉĒnfÉËmeÉĒĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āϤāĻĨā§āϝ
Alt: āĻā§āĻāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻž āϏāĻāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ
Example: The notice contains useful information.
Syn: data, knowledgeAnt: ignorance, misinformation
đĄ Exam tip: Information uncountable noun; informations āϞāĻŋāĻāĻŦā§āύ āύāĻžāĨ¤
public[/ËpĘblÉĒk/]adjeasy
Meaning: āϏāϰā§āĻŦāϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖā§āϰ
Alt: āĻāύāϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖā§āϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻāύā§āĻŽā§āĻā§āϤ
Example: The announcement was made in a public place.
Syn: open, commonAnt: private, secret
đĄ Exam tip: Public announcement āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāύāϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖā§āϰ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ⧠āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻžāĨ¤
broadcast[/ËbrÉËdkÉËst/]nounhard
Meaning: āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāϰ
Alt: āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: The warning was broadcast over the loudspeaker.
Syn: transmission, airingAnt: silence, withhold
đĄ Exam tip: Broadcast noun āĻ verbâāĻĻā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
3. Commands and Responses (8 words)
command[/kÉËmÉËnd/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻĻā§āĻļ
Alt: āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ
Example: The captain gave a clear command.
Syn: order, instructionAnt: request, obedience
đĄ Exam tip: Polite command āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻāĻĻā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāĨ¤
request[/rÉĒËkwest/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻ
āύā§āϰā§āϧ
Alt: āĻ
āύā§āϰā§āϧ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: The teacher made a polite request.
Syn: appeal, pleaAnt: demand, refusal
đĄ Exam tip: Request noun āĻ verb āĻāĻāϝāĻŧāĻ āĻšāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
respond[/rÉĒËspÉnd/]verbmedium
Meaning: āϏāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻāϤā§āϤāϰ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Example: The students responded immediately.
Syn: reply, answerAnt: ignore, remain silent
đĄ Exam tip: Respond to someone/somethingâāĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠to āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
response[/rÉĒËspÉns/]nounmedium
Meaning: āϏāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻāϤā§āϤāϰ
Example: Her response was quick and correct.
Syn: reply, reactionAnt: silence, question
đĄ Exam tip: Respond-āĻāϰ noun form responseāĨ¤
obey[/ÉËbeÉĒ/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻāĻĻā§āĻļ āĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽ āĻŽā§āύ⧠āĻāϞāĻž
Example: Students must obey the school rules.
Syn: follow, complyAnt: disobey, defy
đĄ Exam tip: Obey-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰā§āϤ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ disobeyāĨ¤
follow[/ËfÉlÉĘ/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻ
āύā§āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻŽā§āύ⧠āĻāϞāĻž
Example: Follow the teacherâs instructions.
Syn: obey, pursueAnt: lead, disobey
đĄ Exam tip: Follow instructions āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž āĻŽā§āύ⧠āĻāϞāĻžāĨ¤
immediately[/ÉĒËmiËdiÉtli/]advmedium
Meaning: āĻ
āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§
Alt: āϏāĻā§āĻā§ āϏāĻā§āĻā§
Example: The children stopped talking immediately.
Syn: instantly, at onceAnt: later, eventually
đĄ Exam tip: Immediate-āĻāϰ adverb form immediatelyāĨ¤
calmly[/ËkÉËmli/]adveasy
Meaning: āĻļāĻžāύā§āϤāĻāĻžāĻŦā§
Alt: āϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§
Example: Please respond calmly to the warning.
Syn: quietly, peacefullyAnt: angrily, nervously
đĄ Exam tip: Calm-āĻāϰ adverb form calmly; calm response āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĨ¤
4. Clarity and Speaking (8 words)
clear[/klÉĒÉ/]adjeasy
Meaning: āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻ
Alt: āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻžāϰ
Example: The speaker used a clear voice.
Syn: plain, distinctAnt: unclear, vague
đĄ Exam tip: Clear voice āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻ āĻāĻŖā§āĻ āϏā§āĻŦāϰāĨ¤
clearly[/ËklÉĒÉli/]adveasy
Meaning: āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§
Alt: āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§
Example: Speak clearly so everyone can hear you.
Syn: distinctly, plainlyAnt: unclearly, vaguely
đĄ Exam tip: Clear-āĻāϰ adverb āĻšāϞ⧠clearlyāĨ¤
speaker[/ËspiËkÉ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻžāϰ āϝāύā§āϤā§āϰ
Example: The speaker addressed the audience.
Syn: orator, talkerAnt: listener, audience
đĄ Exam tip: Speak + er = speaker; āϝ⧠āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
voice[/vÉÉĒs/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻŖā§āĻ āϏā§āĻŦāϰ
Alt: āĻŽāϤāĻžāĻŽāϤ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ
Example: Her voice was loud enough to be heard.
Syn: sound, toneAnt: silence, quietness
đĄ Exam tip: In a clear voice āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻ āĻāĻŖā§āĻ ā§āĨ¤
loud[/laĘd/]adjeasy
Meaning: āĻā§āϰ⧠āĻļā§āύāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŽāύ
Alt: āĻāĻā§āĻāĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ
Example: The announcer spoke in a loud voice.
Syn: noisy, powerfulAnt: quiet, soft
đĄ Exam tip: Loud voice āĻāĻŦāĻ loudspeakerâāĻĻā§āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖāĨ¤
mumble[/ËmĘmbÉl/]verbhard
Meaning: āĻ
āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻž
Alt: āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: Do not mumble during the announcement.
Syn: mutter, whisperAnt: articulate, enunciate
đĄ Exam tip: Mumble-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰā§āϤ articulate, āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻžāĨ¤
pronounce[/prÉËnaĘns/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻāϰāĻž
Example: Pronounce each word clearly.
Syn: articulate, sayAnt: mumble, mispronounce
đĄ Exam tip: Pronounce-āĻāϰ noun form pronunciationāĨ¤
loudspeaker[/ËlaĘdËspiËkÉ/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŦāϰā§āϧāĻ āϝāύā§āϤā§āϰ
Alt: āĻāĻā§āĻāϏā§āĻŦāϰ⧠āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āϝāύā§āϤā§āϰ
Example: The message came through the loudspeaker.
Syn: megaphone, speakerAnt: silencer, earplug
đĄ Exam tip: Loud + speaker = loudspeaker; compound word āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻŽāύ⧠āϰāĻžāĻā§āύāĨ¤
5. Places and People (8 words)
classroom[/ËklÉËsruËm/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻļā§āϰā§āĻŖāĻŋāĻāĻā§āώ
Alt: āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāĻā§āώ
Example: The teacher entered the classroom.
Syn: class, schoolroomAnt: playground, outdoors
đĄ Exam tip: Class + room = classroom; āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ compound nounāĨ¤
station[/ËsteÉĒĘÉn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āϏā§āĻā§āĻļāύ
Alt: āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻ
āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āύā§āĻĻā§āϰ
Example: The train station made an announcement.
Syn: terminal, stopAnt: route, journey
đĄ Exam tip: Train station āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āϰā§āϞāϏā§āĻā§āĻļāύāĨ¤
hospital[/ËhÉspÉĒtl/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻšāĻžāϏāĻĒāĻžāϤāĻžāϞ
Alt: āĻāĻŋāĻāĻŋā§āϏāĻžāĻā§āύā§āĻĻā§āϰ
Example: The announcement was heard in the hospital.
Syn: clinic, medical centreAnt: home, school
đĄ Exam tip: Hospital announcement āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āϰā§āĻā§ āĻ āĻĻāϰā§āĻļāύāĻžāϰā§āĻĨā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
assembly[/ÉËsemblÉĒ/]nounmedium
Meaning: āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļ
Alt: āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϤā§āϝāĻšāĻŋāĻ āĻ
āύā§āώā§āĻ āĻžāύ
Example: The principal spoke at the morning assembly.
Syn: gathering, meetingAnt: separation, departure
đĄ Exam tip: Morning assembly = āϏāĻāĻžāϞā§āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļāĨ¤
audience[/ËÉËdiÉns/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻļā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŽāĻŖā§āĻĄāϞā§
Alt: āĻĻāϰā§āĻļāĻāĻāĻŖ
Example: The audience listened quietly.
Syn: listeners, spectatorsAnt: speaker, performer
đĄ Exam tip: Audience āĻšāϞ⧠āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻļā§āύ⧠āĻŦāĻž āĻ
āύā§āώā§āĻ āĻžāύ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĨ¤
conductor[/kÉnËdĘktÉ/]nounhard
Meaning: āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻāϰā§āĻŽā§
Alt: āϏāĻā§āĻā§āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϞāĻ
Example: The bus conductor announced the next stop.
Syn: leader, inspectorAnt: passenger, traveller
đĄ Exam tip: Bus conductor āĻ orchestra conductorâāĻĻā§āĻāĻŋ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻŽāύ⧠āϰāĻžāĻā§āύāĨ¤
principal[/ËprÉĒnsÉpÉl/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻļāĻŋāĻā§āώāĻ
Alt: āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽā§āĻā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ
Example: The principal addressed the students.
Syn: headteacher, directorAnt: student, subordinate
đĄ Exam tip: Principal = āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻļāĻŋāĻā§āώāĻ; principle = āύā§āϤāĻŋâāĻĻā§āĻāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāύāĻžāύ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĨ¤
listener[/ËlÉĒsÉnÉ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻļā§āϰā§āϤāĻž
Alt: āϝ⧠āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻļā§āύā§
Example: A good listener understands the message.
Syn: hearer, audience memberAnt: speaker, talker
đĄ Exam tip: Listen + er = listener; verb āĻĨā§āĻā§ noun āĻāĻ āύāĨ¤
6. Warnings, Noise and Action (8 words)
warning[/ËwÉËnÉĒÅ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āϏāϤāϰā§āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻž
Alt: āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻĻā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦāϏāĻāĻā§āϤ
Example: The officer gave a warning to the crowd.
Syn: caution, alertAnt: encouragement, assurance
đĄ Exam tip: Warning sign āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āϏāϤāϰā§āĻāϤāĻžāĻŽā§āϞāĻ āĻāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĨ¤
alert[/ÉËlÉËt/]adjmedium
Meaning: āϏāϤāϰā§āĻ
Alt: āϏāϤāϰā§āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻž
Example: The guard remained alert throughout the night.
Syn: watchful, attentiveAnt: sleepy, careless
đĄ Exam tip: Alert adjective āĻ nounâāĻĻā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
urgent[/ËÉËdĘÉnt/]adjmedium
Meaning: āĻāϰā§āϰāĻŋ
Alt: āĻ
āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻāύā§āϝāĻŧ
Example: The hospital broadcast an urgent message.
Syn: pressing, immediateAnt: unimportant, optional
đĄ Exam tip: Urgent message āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāϰā§āϰāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻžāĨ¤
noise[/nÉÉĒz/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āϞāĻžāĻšāϞ
Alt: āĻ
āύāĻžāĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§āώāĻŋāϤ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
Example: The noise made it difficult to hear.
Syn: din, soundAnt: silence, quiet
đĄ Exam tip: Noise uncountable noun; much noise āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, many noises āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
interrupt[/ËÉĒntÉËrĘpt/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāϧāĻž āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻĨāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻĨāĻžāĻŽāĻžāύā§
Example: Do not interrupt the speaker.
Syn: disturb, break inAnt: continue, assist
đĄ Exam tip: Interrupt someone āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāĻžāϰāĻ āĻāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāϧāĻž āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤
distraction[/dÉĒËstrÃĻkĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āώā§āĻĒ
Alt: āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āύāώā§āĻāĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ
Example: Mobile phones can be a distraction in class.
Syn: disturbance, diversionAnt: concentration, focus
đĄ Exam tip: Distract-āĻāϰ noun form distractionāĨ¤
prepare[/prÉĒËpeÉ/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĒā§āϰāϏā§āϤā§āϤ āĻāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻšāĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻā§ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻž āύā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Example: The phrase prepares listeners for the message.
Syn: ready, organizeAnt: neglect, disorganize
đĄ Exam tip: Prepare someone for something āĻāĻ āύāĻāĻŋ āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖāĨ¤
action[/ËÃĻkĘÉn/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻĻāĻā§āώā§āĻĒ
Alt: āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻž āĻā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ
Example: The warning led the people to take action.
Syn: act, stepAnt: inaction, passivity
đĄ Exam tip: Take action āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĒāĻĻāĻā§āώā§āĻĒ āύā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž; action-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰā§āϤ inactionāĨ¤
đĄ Exam Tips
âĸ âAttention, pleaseâ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ polite command āĻāĻŦāĻ signal phrase; āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŽā§āϞ āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻž āύāϝāĻŧ, āĻŽā§āϞ āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
âĸ āĻāĻ phrase āĻļā§āύāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻŦāύā§āϧ āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āϤāĻžāĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻļā§āύāϤ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
âĸ Attention, please-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ instruction, announcement, warning āĻŦāĻž request āĻāϏā§āĨ¤
âĸ Synonym āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧠attention = focus/notice āĻāĻŦāĻ announcement = notice/declaration āĻŽāύ⧠āϰāĻžāĻā§āύāĨ¤
âĸ Antonym āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧠attention-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰā§āϤ inattention āĻŦāĻž distraction; clear-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰā§āϤ unclear; obey-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰā§āϤ disobeyāĨ¤
âĸ Listen-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠to āĻŦāϏā§: listen to the announcementāĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠hear-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ to āĻŦāϏ⧠āύāĻž: hear the messageāĨ¤
âĸ Information uncountable noun; āϤāĻžāĻ informations āύāĻž āϞāĻŋāĻā§ pieces of information āϞāĻŋāĻāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
âĸ Principal āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻļāĻŋāĻā§āώāĻ, āĻāϰ principle āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āύā§āϤāĻŋâāĻŦāĻžāύāĻžāύ āĻ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĨ¤
âĸ Public announcement, clear voice, pay attention, follow instructions, take action āĻāĻŦāĻ respond immediatelyâāĻāĻ collocation-āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāϝā§āĻā§āϝāĨ¤
âĸ āĻāϤā§āϤāϰ āϞā§āĻāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ announcement āĻāĻŦāĻ instruction-āĻāϰ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻĨāĻā§āϝ āϞāĻŋāĻā§āύ: announcement āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻžāύāĻžāύ⧠āϤāĻĨā§āϝ, instruction āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāĨ¤
âĸ âAttention, pleaseâ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠please āĻāĻĻā§āϰāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļ āĻāϰā§; āϤāĻžāĻ āĻāĻāĻŋ rude command āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
âĸ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϰ part of speech āĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ āĻāϰā§āύ: attention noun, attentive adjective, listen verb, clearly adverbāĨ¤