Chapter: Unit 9: Animals - SM Sultan
📚 Vocabulary
English for Today Class Four
⭐ Most Important Exam Words
animalzookangaroopocketfavouritestrongdescribefamouspainterbornfamilyschoolcollegetravelexhibitdrawpicturefarmerfishermanestablisheducationchildrencountrymoneyrivervillageworldhospitalfairvisitedwenthadsatsawmade
📃 Word Formation Rules
► Add -ed to most regular verbs to form the simple past: walk → walked, visit → visited.
► Add -d to verbs ending in e: like → liked, love → loved.
► For verbs ending in consonant + y, change y to i and add -ed: try → tried, study → studied.
► Some past-tense verbs are irregular and must be memorised: go → went, have → had, make → made, see → saw, eat → ate.
► Add -er to a verb or noun to form a person noun: paint → painter, farm → farmer, fish → fisherman.
► Add -ing to a verb to form an activity or process noun: build → building.
► Change singular child to plural children; fisherman changes to fishermen.
► Change singular body to plural bodies and country to plural countries by changing y to ies.
1. Animals and the Zoo (8 words)
animal[/ˈænɪməl/]nouneasy
Meaning: প্রাণী
Alt: জীবজন্তু
Example: The elephant is a big animal.
Syn: creatureAnt: plant
💡 Exam tip: Animal is a countable noun; use an animal for one animal.
zoo[/zuː/]nouneasy
Meaning: চিড়িয়াখানা
Alt: যেখানে বিভিন্ন প্রাণী রাখা হয়
Example: I visited the zoo yesterday.
Syn: animal park
💡 Exam tip: Use at the zoo when talking about a place.
kangaroo[/ˌkæŋɡəˈruː/]nouneasy
Meaning: ক্যাঙ্গারু
Alt: লাফিয়ে চলা অস্ট্রেলীয় প্রাণী
Example: A kangaroo has a pocket.
💡 Exam tip: Remember the spelling: kangaroo.
pocket[/ˈpɒkɪt/]nouneasy
Meaning: পকেট
Alt: কাপড়ে তৈরি ছোট থলি
Example: The baby kangaroo is in its mother's pocket.
Syn: pouch
💡 Exam tip: A pocket is a thing or place for keeping small objects.
baby[/ˈbeɪbi/]nouneasy
Meaning: শিশু
Alt: ছোট প্রাণীর বাচ্চা
Example: The baby kangaroo is looking at me.
Syn: infantAnt: adult
💡 Exam tip: Baby can refer to both a human child and a young animal.
visit[/ˈvɪzɪt/]verbeasy
Meaning: পরিদর্শন করা
Alt: দেখতে যাওয়া
Example: We visited the zoo last Friday.
Syn: go to, seeAnt: leave
💡 Exam tip: Past form: visit → visited.
look[/lʊk/]verbeasy
Meaning: তাকানো
Alt: দেখার চেষ্টা করা
Example: Look at the elephant.
Syn: watch, seeAnt: ignore
💡 Exam tip: Use look at before the object.
remember[/rɪˈmembə(r)/]verbmedium
Meaning: মনে রাখা
Alt: স্মরণ করা
Example: I remember my childhood.
Syn: recallAnt: forget
💡 Exam tip: Past form: remember → remembered.
2. Animal Description (8 words)
elephant[/ˈelɪfənt/]nouneasy
Meaning: হাতি
Alt: বড় দাঁত ও শুঁড়যুক্ত প্রাণী
Example: The elephant helps people.
💡 Exam tip: Use it with the article an: an elephant.
favourite[/ˈfeɪvərɪt/]adjeasy
Meaning: প্রিয়
Alt: সবচেয়ে পছন্দের
Example: The elephant is my favourite animal.
Syn: preferred, likedAnt: unfavourite
💡 Exam tip: British spelling is favourite; American spelling is favorite.
big[/bɪɡ/]adjeasy
Meaning: বড়
Alt: আকারে বড়
Example: The elephant is big.
Syn: large, hugeAnt: small, little
💡 Exam tip: The comparative form is bigger.
grey[/ɡreɪ/]adjeasy
Meaning: ধূসর
Alt: ছাই রঙের
Example: The elephant is big and grey.
Syn: ash-coloured
💡 Exam tip: Grey describes colour and comes before a noun or after is.
ear[/ɪə(r)/]nouneasy
Meaning: কান
Alt: শোনার অঙ্গ
Example: An elephant has big ears.
💡 Exam tip: The plural of ear is ears.
strong[/strɒŋ/]adjeasy
Meaning: শক্তিশালী
Alt: অনেক শক্তিসম্পন্ন
Example: The elephant is strong.
Syn: powerfulAnt: weak
💡 Exam tip: The comparative form is stronger.
body[/ˈbɒdi/]nouneasy
Meaning: দেহ
Alt: শরীর
Example: The elephant has a large body.
Syn: physique
💡 Exam tip: The plural of body is bodies.
describe[/dɪˈskraɪb/]verbmedium
Meaning: বর্ণনা করা
Alt: কোনো কিছুর বৈশিষ্ট্য বলা
Example: Describe one body part of your favourite animal.
Syn: explain, portrayAnt: conceal
💡 Exam tip: After describe, write details such as colour, size and body parts.
3. Simple Past Tense (8 words)
cook[/kʊk/]verbeasy
Meaning: রান্না করা
Alt: খাবার প্রস্তুত করা
Example: Mother cooked rice yesterday.
Syn: prepare
💡 Exam tip: Regular past form: cook → cooked.
walk[/wɔːk/]verbeasy
Meaning: হাঁটা
Alt: পায়ে চলা
Example: I walked to school yesterday.
Syn: strollAnt: run
💡 Exam tip: Regular past form: walk → walked.
play[/pleɪ/]verbeasy
Meaning: খেলা করা
Alt: বিনোদনের জন্য কোনো খেলা করা
Example: Samin played with his brother.
Syn: enjoy, join inAnt: work
💡 Exam tip: Regular past form: play → played.
try[/traɪ/]verbmedium
Meaning: চেষ্টা করা
Alt: কিছু করার চেষ্টা করা
Example: She tried to draw a picture.
Syn: attemptAnt: give up
💡 Exam tip: Change y to i and add ed: try → tried.
make[/meɪk/]verbeasy
Meaning: তৈরি করা
Alt: বানানো
Example: He made a beautiful picture.
Syn: create, buildAnt: destroy
💡 Exam tip: Irregular past form: make → made.
go[/ɡəʊ/]verbeasy
Meaning: যাওয়া
Alt: এক স্থান থেকে অন্য স্থানে যাওয়া
Example: Samin went to the park.
Syn: travel, moveAnt: come, stay
💡 Exam tip: Irregular past form: go → went.
have[/hæv/]verbeasy
Meaning: থাকা বা থাকা/খাওয়া
Alt: অধিকারী হওয়া বা গ্রহণ করা
Example: We had some sandwiches.
Syn: possess, eatAnt: lack
💡 Exam tip: Irregular past form: have → had.
see[/siː/]verbeasy
Meaning: দেখা
Alt: চোখে লক্ষ্য করা
Example: I saw a kangaroo at the zoo.
Syn: notice, observeAnt: miss
💡 Exam tip: Irregular past form: see → saw.
4. SM Sultan Biography (8 words)
famous[/ˈfeɪməs/]adjeasy
Meaning: বিখ্যাত
Alt: অনেকের কাছে পরিচিত
Example: SM Sultan was a famous painter.
Syn: well-known, notedAnt: unknown
💡 Exam tip: Famous is followed by for when stating a reason.
painter[/ˈpeɪntə(r)/]nouneasy
Meaning: চিত্রশিল্পী
Alt: যিনি ছবি আঁকেন
Example: Sultan was a famous painter of Bangladesh.
Syn: artist
💡 Exam tip: Painter is formed from paint + er.
born[/bɔːn/]verbeasy
Meaning: জন্মগ্রহণ করা
Alt: জন্মানো
Example: Sultan was born in Narail in 1923.
Syn: come into the worldAnt: die
💡 Exam tip: Use was born for one person and were born for more than one.
family[/ˈfæməli/]nouneasy
Meaning: পরিবার
Alt: একসঙ্গে বসবাসকারী আত্মীয়জন
Example: Sultan's family did not have much money.
Syn: household, relatives
💡 Exam tip: The plural form is families.
school[/skuːl/]nouneasy
Meaning: বিদ্যালয়
Alt: শিক্ষা গ্রহণের স্থান
Example: Sultan went to school for five years.
Syn: educational institution
💡 Exam tip: Go to school usually means attend school.
college[/ˈkɒlɪdʒ/]nouneasy
Meaning: কলেজ
Alt: উচ্চশিক্ষার প্রতিষ্ঠান
Example: He studied at Kolkata Art College.
Syn: institute
💡 Exam tip: Use at with the name of a college: at Kolkata Art College.
travel[/ˈtrævəl/]verbmedium
Meaning: ভ্রমণ করা
Alt: দূরবর্তী স্থানে যাতায়াত করা
Example: He travelled around Asia and Europe.
Syn: journey, tourAnt: stay
💡 Exam tip: Past form: travel → travelled in British English.
exhibit[/ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/]verbhard
Meaning: প্রদর্শন করা
Alt: জনসমক্ষে দেখানো
Example: He exhibited his paintings with famous painters.
Syn: display, showAnt: hide
💡 Exam tip: Past form: exhibit → exhibited.
5. Art and Community Work (8 words)
draw[/drɔː/]verbeasy
Meaning: আঁকা
Alt: রেখা বা ছবি তৈরি করা
Example: Sultan loved to draw as a child.
Syn: sketch, illustrateAnt: erase
💡 Exam tip: Irregular past form: draw → drew.
picture[/ˈpɪktʃə(r)/]nouneasy
Meaning: ছবি
Alt: কোনো ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর আঁকা বা তোলা চিত্র
Example: He drew pictures of buildings.
Syn: image, drawing
💡 Exam tip: Picture and painting are related but not always identical.
building[/ˈbɪldɪŋ/]nouneasy
Meaning: ভবন
Alt: মানুষের তৈরি বড় স্থাপনা
Example: The child drew a picture of a building.
Syn: structure
💡 Exam tip: Building is formed from build + ing.
farmer[/ˈfɑːmə(r)/]nouneasy
Meaning: কৃষক
Alt: যিনি জমিতে চাষ করেন
Example: Sultan painted pictures of farmers.
Syn: cultivator, grower
💡 Exam tip: Farmer is formed from farm + er.
fisherman[/ˈfɪʃəmən/]nounmedium
Meaning: জেলে
Alt: যিনি মাছ ধরেন
Example: Sultan painted the fishermen of Bangladesh.
Syn: angler
💡 Exam tip: The plural of fisherman is fishermen.
establish[/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/]verbhard
Meaning: প্রতিষ্ঠা করা
Alt: কোনো প্রতিষ্ঠান শুরু করা
Example: Sultan established Nandankanon for children.
Syn: found, set upAnt: close, abolish
💡 Exam tip: Establish and set up can have the same meaning in this lesson.
education[/ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃən/]nounmedium
Meaning: শিক্ষা
Alt: জ্ঞান ও দক্ষতা অর্জনের প্রক্রিয়া
Example: Children could get some education there.
Syn: learning, instructionAnt: ignorance
💡 Exam tip: Education is a noun; educate is the related verb.
children[/ˈtʃɪldrən/]nouneasy
Meaning: শিশুরা
Alt: child-এর বহুবচন
Example: Sultan loved children.
Syn: youngsters, kidsAnt: adults
💡 Exam tip: Child has an irregular plural: child → children.
6. Important Unit Words (8 words)
country[/ˈkʌntri/]nouneasy
Meaning: দেশ
Alt: নিজস্ব সরকার ও সীমানাযুক্ত ভূখণ্ড
Example: Sultan was a famous painter of our country.
Syn: nation, state
💡 Exam tip: The plural of country is countries.
money[/ˈmʌni/]nouneasy
Meaning: টাকা
Alt: কেনাকাটা বা লেনদেনে ব্যবহৃত অর্থ
Example: His family did not have a lot of money.
Syn: cash, funds
💡 Exam tip: Money is usually an uncountable noun; say much money, not many money.
river[/ˈrɪvə(r)/]nouneasy
Meaning: নদী
Alt: প্রাকৃতিক প্রবাহমান জলধারা
Example: He painted rivers and trees.
Syn: watercourse
💡 Exam tip: Use a before river when it is mentioned for the first time.
village[/ˈvɪlɪdʒ/]nouneasy
Meaning: গ্রাম
Alt: শহরের চেয়ে ছোট বসতি
Example: Sultan painted villages of Bangladesh.
Syn: rural communityAnt: city
💡 Exam tip: The plural of village is villages.
world[/wɜːld/]nouneasy
Meaning: বিশ্ব
Alt: পৃথিবী ও তার সব দেশ
Example: People around the world know about Sultan.
Syn: earth, globe
💡 Exam tip: Around the world means throughout the world.
hospital[/ˈhɒspɪtəl/]nouneasy
Meaning: হাসপাতাল
Alt: চিকিৎসার স্থান
Example: He died at a hospital in Jashore.
Syn: medical centre
💡 Exam tip: Use at a hospital to indicate the place of an event.
fishermen[/ˈfɪʃəmən/]nounmedium
Meaning: জেলেরা
Alt: fisherman-এর বহুবচন
Example: The painting showed fishermen of Bangladesh.
Syn: anglers
💡 Exam tip: Fisherman changes to fishermen, not fishermans.
fair[/feə(r)/]nouneasy
Meaning: মেলা
Alt: সাধারণত আনন্দ ও কেনাবেচার জন্য আয়োজিত অনুষ্ঠান
Example: Every year, there is a Sultan Mela in Narail.
Syn: festival, carnival
💡 Exam tip: Mela means fair in English.
💡 Exam Tips
• For True/False questions, check every detail such as place, year, number and occupation.
• Remember the key facts about SM Sultan: he was born in Narail in 1923 and died in Jashore in 1994.
• Use was for I, he, she and it; use were for you, we and they in the past tense.
• In simple past affirmative sentences, use the past form of the main verb: Sultan went to school.
• For a favourite-animal paragraph, include its name, colour, size, one body part and one quality.
• Use an before vowel sounds: an elephant, an animal, an artist.
• Use a before consonant sounds: a kangaroo, a farmer, a famous painter.
• In comprehension answers, write complete sentences when possible.
• Do not confuse draw with drew, go with went, see with saw and have with had.
• Learn synonyms and antonyms because they often appear in matching and short-answer questions.