English for Today Class Four - Unit 7: Food and Meals 1 - Tune up! - Vocabulary | Free Course

Chapter: Unit 7: Food and Meals 1 - Tune up!

📚 Vocabulary

English for Today Class Four

⭐ Most Important Exam Words

fried eggmixed vegetablesbreakfastdinnerwaitershoppingsomeanypluralfreshfavouritesupermarketusuallysometimescountrymorningcleandirty

📃 Word Formation Rules

► Most singular nouns form plurals by adding s: carrot → carrots, window → windows, seed → seeds.

► Nouns ending in ch, sh, x, s, or z form plurals by adding es: sandwich → sandwiches, dish → dishes, box → boxes, glass → glasses.

► Nouns ending in consonant plus y change y to i and add es: baby → babies, strawberry → strawberries, story → stories.

► Use some in positive statements: I want some ice-cream.

► Use any in questions and negative statements: Do we have any juice? We do not have any cheese.

► Use there is with singular or uncountable nouns: There is some milk.

► Use there are with plural nouns: There are some eggs.

► Use a or an before a singular countable noun: a sandwich, an apple.

1. Food Items (8 words)

fried egg[/fraɪd eɡ/]nouneasy

Meaning: ভাজা ডিম

Alt: তেলে ভাজা ডিমের খাবার

Example: I eat a fried egg for breakfast.

Syn: cooked eggAnt: raw egg

💡 Exam tip: Use a before a singular countable noun: a fried egg.

rice[/raɪs/]nouneasy

Meaning: ভাত; চাল

Alt: ধান থেকে পাওয়া খাদ্যশস্য

Example: We eat rice for lunch.

Syn: grain

💡 Exam tip: Rice is usually an uncountable noun; say some rice, not a rice.

sandwich[/ˈsænwɪtʃ/]nouneasy

Meaning: স্যান্ডউইচ

Alt: দুই টুকরো রুটির মাঝের খাবার

Example: Rumi has a sandwich in her lunch.

Syn: bread snack

💡 Exam tip: The plural is sandwiches.

coconut[/ˈkəʊkənʌt/]nouneasy

Meaning: নারিকেল

Alt: সাদা শাঁস ও পানি-যুক্ত ফল

Example: There are some coconuts in the basket.

Syn: coco

💡 Exam tip: The plural is coconuts.

strawberry[/ˈstrɔːbəri/]nouneasy

Meaning: স্ট্রবেরি

Alt: ছোট লাল রঙের মিষ্টি ফল

Example: She likes strawberries.

Syn: berry

💡 Exam tip: Change y to i and add es: strawberry → strawberries.

papaya[/pəˈpaɪə/]nouneasy

Meaning: পেঁপে

Alt: কমলা রঙের নরম ফল

Example: Papaya is a healthy fruit.

Syn: pawpaw

💡 Exam tip: The plural is papayas.

mixed vegetables[/mɪkst ˈvedʒtəblz/]nounmedium

Meaning: মিশ্র সবজি

Alt: বিভিন্ন ধরনের সবজির মিশ্রণ

Example: Mother cooks mixed vegetables for dinner.

Syn: assorted vegetables

💡 Exam tip: Vegetables is the plural form of vegetable.

juice[/dʒuːs/]nouneasy

Meaning: ফলের রস

Alt: ফল থেকে পাওয়া পানীয়

Example: I would like a glass of juice.

Syn: fruit drink

💡 Exam tip: Use a glass of juice when counting juice.

2. Meals and Drinks (8 words)

breakfast[/ˈbrekfəst/]nouneasy

Meaning: সকালের নাশতা

Alt: দিনের প্রথম খাবার

Example: I have breakfast at eight o'clock.

Syn: morning mealAnt: dinner

💡 Exam tip: Breakfast is the meal eaten in the morning.

lunch[/lʌntʃ/]nouneasy

Meaning: দুপুরের খাবার

Alt: দুপুরে খাওয়া খাবার

Example: He brings lunch to school.

Syn: midday meal

💡 Exam tip: Use have lunch, not eat lunch only in fixed expressions? Both are correct.

dinner[/ˈdɪnə/]nouneasy

Meaning: রাতের খাবার

Alt: সন্ধ্যা বা রাতে খাওয়া প্রধান খাবার

Example: We have chicken and rice for dinner.

Syn: evening meal

💡 Exam tip: Ask: What's for dinner?

milk[/mɪlk/]nouneasy

Meaning: দুধ

Alt: গাভী বা অন্যান্য প্রাণী থেকে পাওয়া পানীয়

Example: Heba does not drink a lot of milk.

Syn: dairy drink

💡 Exam tip: Milk is generally uncountable; use some milk or a glass of milk.

cereal[/ˈsɪəriəl/]nounmedium

Meaning: শস্যজাত সকালের খাবার

Alt: সাধারণত দুধের সঙ্গে খাওয়া খাদ্য

Example: Alex usually has cereal for breakfast.

Syn: breakfast grain

💡 Exam tip: Cereal is commonly used as an uncountable noun.

beans[/biːnz/]nouneasy

Meaning: শিমবিচি; বিনস

Alt: খাদ্য হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত বীজ

Example: Heba has hot beans and bread.

Syn: legumes

💡 Exam tip: Beans is usually written in the plural when referring to food.

bread[/bred/]nouneasy

Meaning: রুটি

Alt: ময়দা বা আটা দিয়ে তৈরি খাবার

Example: I eat bread with eggs.

Syn: loaf

💡 Exam tip: Bread is uncountable; say some bread or a loaf of bread.

cheese[/tʃiːz/]nouneasy

Meaning: পনির; চিজ

Alt: দুধ থেকে তৈরি খাদ্য

Example: Alex sometimes has fried eggs with cheese.

Syn: dairy food

💡 Exam tip: Cheese is generally uncountable in basic sentences.

3. Shopping and Requests (8 words)

waiter[/ˈweɪtə/]nouneasy

Meaning: পরিবেশনকারী কর্মী

Alt: রেস্তোরাঁয় খাবার পরিবেশনকারী ব্যক্তি

Example: The waiter brings the juice.

Syn: serverAnt: customer

💡 Exam tip: A waiter serves food; a customer orders food.

help[/help/]verbeasy

Meaning: সাহায্য করা

Alt: কারও কাজ সহজ করে দেওয়া

Example: Can I help you?

Syn: assistAnt: hinder

💡 Exam tip: Can I help you? is a polite offer of assistance.

have[/hæv/]verbeasy

Meaning: পাওয়া; খাওয়া বা পান করা

Alt: কোনো কিছু থাকা বা গ্রহণ করা

Example: Could I have two fried eggs?

Syn: get, eatAnt: give

💡 Exam tip: Have can mean possess, eat, or drink depending on context.

kind[/kaɪnd/]nouneasy

Meaning: ধরন

Alt: একই শ্রেণির কোনো প্রকার

Example: What kind of juice do you want?

Syn: type, sort

💡 Exam tip: The common phrase is what kind of.

sure[/ʃʊə/]adjeasy

Meaning: নিশ্চিত

Alt: সম্মত বা নিশ্চিতভাবে রাজি

Example: Sure, I can give you some juice.

Syn: certainAnt: uncertain

💡 Exam tip: Sure can be used as a polite answer meaning yes or certainly.

else[/els/]advmedium

Meaning: আর কিছু; অন্য কিছু

Alt: উল্লিখিত বিষয় ছাড়া অতিরিক্ত কিছু

Example: Would you like anything else?

Syn: additionally

💡 Exam tip: Anything else? means do you want something more?

shopping[/ˈʃɒpɪŋ/]nouneasy

Meaning: কেনাকাটা

Alt: প্রয়োজনীয় জিনিস কেনার কাজ

Example: We need to go shopping.

Syn: buyingAnt: selling

💡 Exam tip: The phrase go shopping is commonly tested.

list[/lɪst/]nouneasy

Meaning: তালিকা

Alt: পরপর লেখা নাম বা জিনিসের সমষ্টি

Example: Write your shopping list in your exercise book.

Syn: record

💡 Exam tip: A shopping list contains the things you need to buy.

4. Quantifiers and Grammar Words (8 words)

some[/sʌm/]adjeasy

Meaning: কিছু

Alt: অনির্দিষ্ট পরিমাণ বা সংখ্যা

Example: I want some ice-cream.

Syn: a few, a littleAnt: none

💡 Exam tip: Use some mainly in positive statements.

any[/ˈeni/]adjeasy

Meaning: কোনো; কিছু

Alt: প্রশ্ন বা নেতিবাচক বাক্যে অনির্দিষ্ট পরিমাণ

Example: Do we have any juice?

Syn: someAnt: none

💡 Exam tip: Use any in questions and negative statements at this level.

many[/ˈmeni/]adjmedium

Meaning: অনেক

Alt: গণনাযোগ্য বহুসংখ্যক জিনিস

Example: There are many apples in the basket.

Syn: numerousAnt: few

💡 Exam tip: Use many with plural countable nouns.

much[/mʌtʃ/]adjmedium

Meaning: অনেক পরিমাণ

Alt: অগণনীয় বস্তুর বড় পরিমাণ

Example: We do not have much milk.

Syn: a lot ofAnt: little

💡 Exam tip: Use much with uncountable nouns such as milk and juice.

a lot of[/ə lɒt əv/]adjeasy

Meaning: অনেক

Alt: বেশি পরিমাণ বা সংখ্যা

Example: We do not drink a lot of milk.

Syn: many, muchAnt: a little

💡 Exam tip: A lot of can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

there is[/ðeər ɪz/]verbeasy

Meaning: আছে

Alt: একটি বস্তু বা ব্যক্তির উপস্থিতি বোঝায়

Example: There is some milk in the fridge.

Syn: existsAnt: there is not

💡 Exam tip: Use there is with a singular noun or an uncountable noun.

there are[/ðeər ɑː/]verbeasy

Meaning: আছে

Alt: একাধিক বস্তু বা ব্যক্তির উপস্থিতি বোঝায়

Example: There are some eggs in the fridge.

Syn: existAnt: there are not

💡 Exam tip: Use there are with plural nouns.

plural[/ˈplʊərəl/]nounmedium

Meaning: বহুবচন

Alt: একাধিক ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর রূপ

Example: Eggs is the plural form of egg.

Syn: more-than-one formAnt: singular

💡 Exam tip: Most plurals take s, but some words take es or ies.

5. Plural Forms and Countable Nouns (8 words)

carrot[/ˈkærət/]nouneasy

Meaning: গাজর

Alt: কমলা রঙের মূলজাতীয় সবজি

Example: There are two carrots in the bag.

Syn: root vegetable

💡 Exam tip: Add s: carrot → carrots.

glass[/ɡlɑːs/]nouneasy

Meaning: গ্লাস

Alt: তরল রাখার পাত্র

Example: She drinks a glass of juice.

Syn: tumbler

💡 Exam tip: Add es because the word ends in ss: glass → glasses.

baby[/ˈbeɪbi/]nouneasy

Meaning: শিশু

Alt: খুব ছোট ছেলে বা মেয়ে

Example: The baby is happy.

Syn: infantAnt: adult

💡 Exam tip: Change y to i and add es: baby → babies.

dish[/dɪʃ/]nouneasy

Meaning: থালা; রান্না করা পদ

Alt: খাবার রাখার পাত্র বা একটি খাবার

Example: There are clean dishes on the table.

Syn: plate, food itemAnt: mess

💡 Exam tip: Add es after sh: dish → dishes.

box[/bɒks/]nouneasy

Meaning: বাক্স

Alt: জিনিস রাখার পাত্র

Example: The strawberries are in a box.

Syn: container

💡 Exam tip: Add es after x: box → boxes.

story[/ˈstɔːri/]nouneasy

Meaning: গল্প

Alt: ঘটনা বা কাহিনির বর্ণনা

Example: I read a story before bed.

Syn: tale

💡 Exam tip: Change y to i and add es: story → stories.

seed[/siːd/]nouneasy

Meaning: বীজ

Alt: উদ্ভিদের নতুন চারা তৈরির অংশ

Example: A seed can grow into a plant.

Syn: kernel

💡 Exam tip: Add s: seed → seeds.

window[/ˈwɪndəʊ/]nouneasy

Meaning: জানালা

Alt: আলো-বাতাস ঢোকার খোলা অংশ

Example: Shihab closes the window.

Syn: openingAnt: wall

💡 Exam tip: Add s: window → windows.

6. Describing Words and Daily Life (8 words)

fresh[/freʃ/]adjeasy

Meaning: তাজা

Alt: সদ্য পাওয়া বা নষ্ট না হওয়া

Example: I eat a fresh mango.

Syn: new, pureAnt: stale

💡 Exam tip: Fresh describes food that is recently picked or prepared.

clean[/kliːn/]adjeasy

Meaning: পরিষ্কার

Alt: ময়লা বা দাগমুক্ত

Example: He wears a clean shirt.

Syn: neatAnt: dirty

💡 Exam tip: Clean is the opposite of dirty.

dirty[/ˈdɜːti/]adjeasy

Meaning: নোংরা

Alt: ময়লা যুক্ত

Example: The dirty shirt needs washing.

Syn: uncleanAnt: clean

💡 Exam tip: Dirty is an adjective; do not confuse it with dirt, a noun.

new[/njuː/]adjeasy

Meaning: নতুন

Alt: সম্প্রতি তৈরি বা কেনা

Example: He has a new bike.

Syn: recentAnt: old

💡 Exam tip: New is commonly paired with old as an opposite.

old[/əʊld/]adjeasy

Meaning: পুরোনো

Alt: দীর্ঘদিনের বা নতুন নয় এমন

Example: The old bike is in the garage.

Syn: agedAnt: new

💡 Exam tip: Use old to describe people, animals, objects, or places.

happy[/ˈhæpi/]adjeasy

Meaning: সুখী; আনন্দিত

Alt: আনন্দ অনুভব করছে এমন

Example: His mother is very happy.

Syn: glad, joyfulAnt: sad

💡 Exam tip: The noun form is happiness; the opposite is sad.

angry[/ˈæŋɡri/]adjeasy

Meaning: রাগান্বিত

Alt: রাগ অনুভব করছে এমন

Example: The angry cat is making a loud sound.

Syn: madAnt: calm

💡 Exam tip: The comparative form is angrier, changing y to i.

favourite[/ˈfeɪvərɪt/]adjeasy

Meaning: প্রিয়

Alt: সবচেয়ে বেশি পছন্দের

Example: Apple juice is my favourite drink.

Syn: preferred, best-lovedAnt: least-liked

💡 Exam tip: Favourite is British spelling; favorite is American spelling.

💡 Exam Tips

• Learn the food words with their correct spellings and Bengali meanings.

• Remember that rice, milk, juice, bread, cheese, and cereal are usually uncountable nouns.

• Use some mainly in affirmative sentences and any mainly in questions and negative sentences.

• For plural spelling, carefully check words ending in ch, sh, x, ss, and consonant plus y.

• In a dialogue, Could I have...? and Can I help you? are polite expressions.

• Breakfast is eaten in the morning, lunch at midday, and dinner in the evening or at night.

• For yes-or-no questions, the voice usually goes up; in answers, the voice usually goes down.

• Sentences begin with capital letters, and statements end with full stops.

• Names of people and places begin with capital letters, such as Alex, Heba, London, and Saudi Arabia.

• Read the question carefully before choosing whether the answer is about Alex or Heba.

English for Today Class Four - Unit 7: Food and Meals 1 - Tune up! - Vocabulary

Chapter: Unit 7: Food and Meals 1 - Tune up!

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