Chapter: Occupations
📚 Vocabulary
English for Today Class Five
⭐ Most Important Exam Words
firefightervolunteerfire departmentput outsafetypanicquietlysafelyoccupationfull-timefree timedressmakerfilm actorbus driverwriterfarmerfruit sellerbakerteachercapital letterfull stopquestion markproper nounearnteachvisitjoingrowbakemake
📃 Word Formation Rules
► Add -er to a verb to form an occupation noun: sing → singer, write → writer, farm → farmer, bake → baker.
► Add -or to some verbs to form an occupation noun: act → actor.
► A compound occupation noun combines two words: dress + maker = dressmaker, bus + driver = bus driver, fruit + seller = fruit seller.
► Add -ing to a verb to make a noun or participle: build → building.
► Add -ly to an adjective to form an adverb: quiet → quietly, safe → safely.
► Use full-time before a noun as a compound adjective: a full-time firefighter.
1. Occupations and People (8 words)
firefighter[/ˈfaɪərˌfaɪtər/]nounmedium
Meaning: অগ্নিনির্বাপক কর্মী
Alt: a person who puts out fires
Example: The firefighter put out the fire.
Syn: fireman
💡 Exam tip: Remember: firefighter = a person who fights or controls fire.
volunteer[/ˌvɒlənˈtɪər/]nounmedium
Meaning: স্বেচ্ছাসেবক
Alt: a person who works willingly without payment
Example: Raju joined a volunteer fire department.
Syn: helperAnt: paid worker
💡 Exam tip: A volunteer may work without getting money.
teacher[/ˈtiːtʃər/]nouneasy
Meaning: শিক্ষক বা শিক্ষিকা
Alt: a person who teaches
Example: The teacher helped the students leave the building.
Syn: educatorAnt: student
💡 Exam tip: Teacher comes from the verb teach.
dressmaker[/ˈdresˌmeɪkər/]nounmedium
Meaning: দর্জি; পোশাক প্রস্তুতকারক
Alt: a person who makes dresses
Example: The dressmaker makes beautiful dresses.
Syn: tailor
💡 Exam tip: A dressmaker makes dresses.
film actor[/fɪlm ˈæktər/]nounmedium
Meaning: চলচ্চিত্র অভিনেতা বা অভিনেত্রী
Alt: a person who acts in films
Example: The film actor acts in a popular movie.
Syn: performerAnt: audience
💡 Exam tip: Actor is an occupation noun made from act.
bus driver[/bʌs ˈdraɪvər/]nouneasy
Meaning: বাসচালক
Alt: a person who drives a bus
Example: The bus driver drives carefully.
Syn: driverAnt: passenger
💡 Exam tip: A bus driver drives a bus.
writer[/ˈraɪtər/]nouneasy
Meaning: লেখক বা লেখিকা
Alt: a person who writes books, stories, or poems
Example: The writer writes stories and poems.
Syn: authorAnt: reader
💡 Exam tip: Writer comes from write by adding -er.
farmer[/ˈfɑːrmər/]nouneasy
Meaning: কৃষক
Alt: a person who grows crops or keeps animals
Example: The farmer grows crops in the field.
Syn: cultivator
💡 Exam tip: A farmer grows crops.
2. More Occupations (8 words)
fruit seller[/fruːt ˈselər/]nouneasy
Meaning: ফল বিক্রেতা
Alt: a person who sells fruit
Example: The fruit seller sells fresh mangoes.
Syn: vendorAnt: buyer
💡 Exam tip: A seller sells goods.
baker[/ˈbeɪkər/]nouneasy
Meaning: রুটিওয়ালা; বেকার
Alt: a person who bakes bread and cakes
Example: The baker bakes fresh bread every morning.
Syn: bread maker
💡 Exam tip: Baker comes from bake by adding -er.
singer[/ˈsɪŋər/]nouneasy
Meaning: গায়ক বা গায়িকা
Alt: a person who sings
Example: She is a good singer.
Syn: vocalistAnt: listener
💡 Exam tip: Singer comes from sing by adding -er.
actor[/ˈæktər/]nounmedium
Meaning: অভিনেতা বা অভিনেত্রী
Alt: a person who acts in a play or film
Example: The actor performs well on the stage.
Syn: performerAnt: spectator
💡 Exam tip: Actor is formed by adding -or to act.
doctor[/ˈdɒktər/]nouneasy
Meaning: চিকিৎসক
Alt: a person who treats sick people
Example: The doctor treats sick people.
Syn: physicianAnt: patient
💡 Exam tip: Use doctor for a medical professional.
nurse[/nɜːrs/]nouneasy
Meaning: নার্স
Alt: a person who cares for sick people
Example: The nurse cares for the patient.
Syn: caregiverAnt: patient
💡 Exam tip: A nurse looks after sick or injured people.
carpenter[/ˈkɑːrpəntər/]nounmedium
Meaning: কাঠমিস্ত্রি
Alt: a person who makes things from wood
Example: The carpenter makes a wooden chair.
Syn: woodworker
💡 Exam tip: A carpenter works with wood.
police officer[/pəˈliːs ˌɒfɪsər/]nounmedium
Meaning: পুলিশ কর্মকর্তা
Alt: a person who protects people and maintains law and order
Example: The police officer helps keep the town safe.
Syn: policemanAnt: criminal
💡 Exam tip: A police officer protects people and enforces the law.
3. Fire and Safety (8 words)
fire[/faɪər/]nouneasy
Meaning: আগুন
Alt: flames that produce heat and light
Example: There was a fire in the school.
Syn: flameAnt: water
💡 Exam tip: Fire is countable in phrases such as a fire.
fire department[/ˈfaɪər dɪˌpɑːrtmənt/]nounmedium
Meaning: দমকল বিভাগ
Alt: an organization that deals with fires
Example: Raju joined a volunteer fire department.
Syn: fire service
💡 Exam tip: Department means an organized service or section.
put out[/pʊt aʊt/]verbmedium
Meaning: নিভিয়ে ফেলা
Alt: to stop a fire from burning
Example: The firefighters put out the fire.
Syn: extinguishAnt: set fire to
💡 Exam tip: Put out is a phrasal verb meaning extinguish.
safety[/ˈseɪfti/]nouneasy
Meaning: নিরাপত্তা
Alt: freedom from danger or harm
Example: Raju teaches students about fire safety.
Syn: protectionAnt: danger
💡 Exam tip: Safety is the noun form related to safe.
danger[/ˈdeɪndʒər/]nouneasy
Meaning: বিপদ
Alt: the possibility of harm or injury
Example: Fire can cause great danger.
Syn: riskAnt: safety
💡 Exam tip: Danger is the opposite of safety.
panic[/ˈpænɪk/]verbmedium
Meaning: আতঙ্কিত হওয়া
Alt: to become very frightened and confused
Example: Students should not panic during a fire.
Syn: be frightenedAnt: calm down
💡 Exam tip: After should, use the base verb: should not panic.
quietly[/ˈkwaɪətli/]adveasy
Meaning: নীরবে; শান্তভাবে
Alt: without making noise
Example: The students left the building quietly.
Syn: silentlyAnt: noisily
💡 Exam tip: Quietly tells how an action is done.
safely[/ˈseɪfli/]adveasy
Meaning: নিরাপদে
Alt: without danger or harm
Example: The teachers helped the students leave safely.
Syn: securelyAnt: dangerously
💡 Exam tip: Safely is the adverb form of safe.
4. Work and Actions (8 words)
work[/wɜːrk/]verbeasy
Meaning: কাজ করা
Alt: to do a job or activity
Example: Raju works as a full-time firefighter.
Syn: labourAnt: rest
💡 Exam tip: Work can be both a noun and a verb.
earn[/ɜːrn/]verbeasy
Meaning: উপার্জন করা
Alt: to receive money for work
Example: Raju earns money as a firefighter.
Syn: receiveAnt: spend
💡 Exam tip: Earn means get money by working.
teach[/tiːtʃ/]verbeasy
Meaning: শেখানো
Alt: to help someone learn
Example: Raju teaches new firefighters about safety.
Syn: educateAnt: learn
💡 Exam tip: Past form: teach → taught.
visit[/ˈvɪzɪt/]verbeasy
Meaning: পরিদর্শন করা; দেখা করতে যাওয়া
Alt: to go to a person or place for a short time
Example: Raju visits schools in his free time.
Syn: call onAnt: avoid
💡 Exam tip: Visit is followed by a person or place without to.
join[/dʒɔɪn/]verbeasy
Meaning: যোগদান করা
Alt: to become a member of a group or organization
Example: Raju joined a volunteer fire department.
Syn: enterAnt: leave
💡 Exam tip: Use join an organization, not join to an organization.
grow[/ɡroʊ/]verbeasy
Meaning: চাষ করা; বেড়ে ওঠা
Alt: to produce plants or crops
Example: Farmers grow rice and vegetables.
Syn: cultivateAnt: destroy
💡 Exam tip: Past form: grow → grew.
bake[/beɪk/]verbeasy
Meaning: সেঁকা
Alt: to cook food using dry heat
Example: The baker bakes bread.
Syn: cookAnt: freeze
💡 Exam tip: Bake + er = baker.
make[/meɪk/]verbeasy
Meaning: তৈরি করা
Alt: to produce or create something
Example: A dressmaker makes dresses.
Syn: createAnt: destroy
💡 Exam tip: Past form: make → made.
5. School and Emergency Words (8 words)
schoolyard[/ˈskuːljɑːrd/]nounmedium
Meaning: বিদ্যালয়ের মাঠ
Alt: an open area beside or inside a school
Example: Raju watched the firefighters from the schoolyard.
Syn: school ground
💡 Exam tip: Schoolyard is a compound noun: school + yard.
building[/ˈbɪldɪŋ/]nouneasy
Meaning: ভবন
Alt: a structure with walls and a roof
Example: The students left the building safely.
Syn: structure
💡 Exam tip: Building comes from build by adding -ing.
student[/ˈstuːdənt/]nouneasy
Meaning: শিক্ষার্থী
Alt: a person who studies at a school
Example: The students listened to their teachers.
Syn: learnerAnt: teacher
💡 Exam tip: Student is a person who learns or studies.
class[/klɑːs/]nouneasy
Meaning: শ্রেণি
Alt: a group of students or a level of study
Example: Raju was in Class 5.
Syn: grade
💡 Exam tip: Write Class 5 with a capital C when it is a class name.
leave[/liːv/]verbeasy
Meaning: ত্যাগ করা; বের হয়ে যাওয়া
Alt: to go away from a place
Example: The students left the building quietly.
Syn: departAnt: enter
💡 Exam tip: Past form: leave → left.
listen[/ˈlɪsən/]verbeasy
Meaning: মনোযোগ দিয়ে শোনা
Alt: to pay attention to a sound or person
Example: Students should listen to their teachers.
Syn: hear attentivelyAnt: ignore
💡 Exam tip: Use listen to someone or something.
help[/help/]verbeasy
Meaning: সাহায্য করা
Alt: to make it easier for someone to do something
Example: The teachers helped the students.
Syn: assistAnt: hinder
💡 Exam tip: Help can be followed by an object: help the students.
building fire[/ˈbɪldɪŋ faɪər/]nounhard
Meaning: ভবনে আগুন
Alt: a fire occurring inside a building
Example: Everyone was afraid during the building fire.
Syn: structural fire
💡 Exam tip: Use a building fire to describe a fire inside a building.
6. Grammar and Punctuation (8 words)
occupation[/ˌɒkjəˈpeɪʃən/]nounmedium
Meaning: পেশা
Alt: a job or profession
Example: Firefighter is an important occupation.
Syn: jobAnt: unemployment
💡 Exam tip: Occupation means the work a person does.
full-time[/ˌfʊl ˈtaɪm/]adjmedium
Meaning: পূর্ণকালীন
Alt: working for the whole usual working period
Example: Raju is now a full-time firefighter.
Syn: regularAnt: part-time
💡 Exam tip: Use a hyphen when full-time comes before a noun.
free time[/friː taɪm/]nouneasy
Meaning: অবসর সময়
Alt: time when a person is not working
Example: Raju visits schools in his free time.
Syn: leisureAnt: working time
💡 Exam tip: Free time means spare time.
sentence[/ˈsentəns/]nouneasy
Meaning: বাক্য
Alt: a group of words expressing a complete idea
Example: Begin every sentence with a capital letter.
Syn: statement
💡 Exam tip: A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with punctuation.
capital letter[/ˈkæpɪtəl ˌletər/]nounmedium
Meaning: বড় হাতের অক্ষর
Alt: a large letter used at the beginning of sentences and proper names
Example: Write Raju with a capital letter.
Syn: uppercase letterAnt: small letter
💡 Exam tip: Use capital letters for names of people, places, days, and months.
full stop[/fʊl stɒp/]nouneasy
Meaning: দাঁড়ি বা পূর্ণচ্ছেদ
Alt: the punctuation mark used at the end of a statement
Example: Put a full stop at the end of the sentence.
Syn: period
💡 Exam tip: A full stop is written as a dot: .
question mark[/ˈkwestʃən mɑːrk/]nouneasy
Meaning: প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন
Alt: the punctuation mark used at the end of a question
Example: Use a question mark after a question.
Syn: query mark
💡 Exam tip: A question mark is written as: ?
proper noun[/ˈprɒpər naʊn/]nounhard
Meaning: ব্যক্তিবাচক বা নামবাচক বিশেষ্য
Alt: the special name of a person, place, day, or month
Example: Shammi and Monday are proper nouns.
Syn: nameAnt: common noun
💡 Exam tip: Proper nouns always begin with capital letters.
💡 Exam Tips
• For True or False questions, match each statement with the exact information in the passage.
• Remember that the teachers helped the students leave the school quietly and safely.
• Raju first worked as a volunteer and later became a full-time firefighter.
• Put out means extinguish or stop a fire from burning.
• Use should plus the base verb: Students should listen and should not panic.
• Use listen to, not listen someone.
• Use capital letters at the beginning of sentences and for names of people, places, days, and months.
• Use a full stop for a statement or command and a question mark for a question.
• For occupation questions, use the pattern: What does a farmer do? He grows crops.
• In composition writing, mention the person’s name, occupation, workplace, working time, opinion, and reason.
• Use he for a male person, she for a female person, and his or her to show possession.