Chapter: Unit 9: Animals and Birds
đ Vocabulary
English For Today Class Two
â Most Important Exam Words
animalbirddomesticwildpetliving placekennelcowshedtree holelairnestforestgrassleaffruitmeatgraininsectnutmilkeggeatlivegivelayjumplaughfiddlespoon
đ Word Formation Rules
âē Add -s to most singular nouns to make plurals: bird â birds, egg â eggs, insect â insects.
âē For nouns ending in consonant + y, change y to ies: canary â canaries.
âē Use the compound word cow + shed = cowshed.
âē Use the compound word dog + house = doghouse.
âē Use the compound phrase tree + hole = tree hole.
âē Add -ing to a verb for an action: jump â jumping, feed â feeding.
âē Use the past form of regular verbs by adding -ed: jump â jumped, laugh â laughed.
âē Some verbs have irregular past forms: run â ran, eat â ate.
1. Animals (8 words)
animal[/ËÃĻnÉĒmÉl/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Alt: āĻā§āĻŦāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§
Example: A cow is a domestic animal.
Syn: creature
đĄ Exam tip: Animal means any living creature that is not a plant.
tiger[/ËtaÉĒÉĄÉr/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāĻ
Alt: āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: A tiger lives in a lair.
Syn: big cat
đĄ Exam tip: Remember: A tiger eats meat.
monkey[/ËmĘÅki/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨āĻ°
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: A monkey lives in a tree.
Syn: ape
đĄ Exam tip: Remember the sentence: A monkey eats apples.
cow[/kaĘ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻ°ā§
Alt: āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻšāĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: The cow gives us milk.
Syn: cattle
đĄ Exam tip: A cow eats grass and leaves.
deer[/dÉĒÉr/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻšāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖ
Alt: āĻŦāĻ¨ā§ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: A deer lives in a forest.
Syn: hart
đĄ Exam tip: The plural of deer is also deer.
dog[/dÉÉĄ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻā§āĻ°
Alt: āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻˇāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āĻšāĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: A dog lives in a kennel.
Syn: puppy
đĄ Exam tip: A dog eats meat.
cat[/kÃĻt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ˛
Alt: āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻˇāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: The cat is a pet animal.
Syn: kitten
đĄ Exam tip: Cat is a common domestic animal.
lion[/ËlaÉĒÉn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻ¸āĻŋāĻāĻš
Alt: āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ¸āĻžāĻļā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: A lion eats meat.
Syn: big cat
đĄ Exam tip: Lion is a wild animal, not a domestic animal.
2. Birds (8 words)
bird[/bÉËrd/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋ
Alt: āĻĄāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻāĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: A hen is a domestic bird.
Syn: fowl
đĄ Exam tip: Birds usually have wings, feathers and beaks.
parrot[/ËpÃĻrÉt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻ°āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋ
Example: A parrot lives in a nest or a tree hole.
Syn: talking bird
đĄ Exam tip: A parrot eats fruit.
crow[/kroĘ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻ
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻ°āĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋ
Example: A crow lives in a nest.
Syn: raven
đĄ Exam tip: A crow eats fruit, nuts and grains.
hen[/hen/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŽā§āĻ°āĻāĻŋ
Alt: āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§ āĻŽā§āĻ°āĻāĻŋ
Example: A hen lays eggs for us.
Syn: female chickenAnt: rooster
đĄ Exam tip: A hen is a domestic bird and lays eggs.
duck[/dĘk/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸
Alt: āĻāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋ
Example: A duck lives near water.
Syn: waterfowl
đĄ Exam tip: Duck is a bird that can swim.
rooster[/ËruËstÉr/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻŽā§āĻ°āĻ
Alt: āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇ āĻŽā§āĻ°āĻāĻŋ
Example: The rooster crows in the morning.
Syn: cockAnt: hen
đĄ Exam tip: Rooster means a male chicken.
chicken[/ËtĘÉĒkÉĒn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŽā§āĻ°āĻāĻŋ
Alt: āĻŽā§āĻ°āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋ
Example: We keep chickens at home.
Syn: fowl
đĄ Exam tip: Chicken can mean the bird or its meat.
nest[/nest/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻž
Alt: āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨
Example: The crow lives in a nest.
Syn: birdhouse
đĄ Exam tip: A nest is a living place for many birds.
3. Living Places (8 words)
living place[/ËlÉĒvÉĒÅ pleÉĒs/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨
Alt: āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻ°ā§
Example: A forest is a living place for deer.
Syn: habitat
đĄ Exam tip: Living place means the home of an animal or bird.
kennel[/ËkenÉl/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ°
Alt: āĻā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻ°
Example: The dog lives in a kennel.
Syn: doghouse
đĄ Exam tip: Kennel is mainly used for a dog.
doghouse[/ËdÉÉĄhaĘs/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ°
Alt: āĻā§āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨
Example: The dog is sleeping in its doghouse.
Syn: kennel
đĄ Exam tip: Doghouse and kennel have similar meanings.
shed[/Ęed/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻ°
Alt: āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĒāĻļā§āĻ° āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°
Example: The cow lives in a shed.
Syn: cowshed
đĄ Exam tip: A shed can be a simple covered building.
cowshed[/ËkaĘĘed/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ˛āĻāĻ°
Alt: āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°
Example: The farmer cleans the cowshed.
Syn: shed
đĄ Exam tip: Cow + shed makes cowshed.
tree[/triË/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻ
Alt: āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻāĻĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻĻ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄ āĻāĻā§
Example: A monkey lives in a tree.
Syn: plant
đĄ Exam tip: Use in: lives in a tree.
tree hole[/triË hoĘl/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻāĻ°
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨
Example: A parrot may live in a tree hole.
Syn: hollow
đĄ Exam tip: A tree hole is different from a nest.
lair[/ler/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻā§āĻšāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻļā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨āĻž
Alt: āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨
Example: A tiger lives in a lair.
Syn: den
đĄ Exam tip: Lair is commonly used for a wild animal.
4. Food of Animals and Birds (8 words)
food[/fuËd/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§
Example: Animals need food to live.
Syn: meal
đĄ Exam tip: Food is an important basic need of living things.
grass[/ÉĄrÃĻs/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻ¸
Alt: āĻ¸āĻŦā§āĻ āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻĻ
Example: A cow eats grass.
Syn: greenery
đĄ Exam tip: Cow and goat eat grass.
leaf[/liËf/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŦā§āĻ āĻ
āĻāĻļ
Example: A deer eats leaves.
Syn: foliage
đĄ Exam tip: The plural of leaf is leaves.
fruit[/fruËt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĢāĻ˛
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ā§āĻā§ āĻ
āĻāĻļ
Example: A parrot eats fruit.
Syn: produce
đĄ Exam tip: Parrot and crow eat fruit.
meat[/miËt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ¸
Alt: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ā§āĻā§ āĻ
āĻāĻļ
Example: A tiger eats meat.
Syn: flesh
đĄ Exam tip: Tiger, lion and dog may eat meat.
grain[/ÉĄreÉĒn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻļāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻž
Alt: āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŽā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻļāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯
Example: A hen feeds on grains.
Syn: seed
đĄ Exam tip: The plural form is grains.
insect[/ËÉĒnsekt/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻĒā§āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻāĻĄāĻŧ
Alt: āĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻž-āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ˛āĻž āĻā§āĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: A hen eats insects.
Syn: bug
đĄ Exam tip: The plural form is insects.
nut[/nĘt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻŽ
Alt: āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯
Example: A crow eats nuts.
Syn: kernel
đĄ Exam tip: Use the plural nuts when naming several foods.
5. Domestic Animals and Birds (8 words)
domestic[/dÉËmestÉĒk/]adjmedium
Meaning: āĻā§āĻšāĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤
Alt: āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤
Example: A cow is a domestic animal.
Syn: tameAnt: wild
đĄ Exam tip: Domestic is the opposite of wild.
wild[/waÉĒld/]adjeasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯
Alt: āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§
Example: A tiger is a wild animal.
Syn: untamedAnt: domestic
đĄ Exam tip: Tiger and lion are wild animals.
pet[/pet/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĒā§āĻˇāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻž āĻ āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§
Example: A cat is a pet animal.
Syn: companion animal
đĄ Exam tip: A pet lives with or near people.
keep[/kiËp/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻž
Example: We keep cows and hens at home.
Syn: raiseAnt: release
đĄ Exam tip: Keep means to have or look after an animal.
milk[/mÉĒlk/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĻā§āĻ§
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¸āĻš āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻ°āĻ˛
Example: We drink milk.
Syn: dairy
đĄ Exam tip: The cow gives us milk.
egg[/eÉĄ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽ
Alt: āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽ
Example: We eat eggs.
Syn: ova
đĄ Exam tip: The plural of egg is eggs.
give[/ÉĄÉĒv/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĻā§āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻāĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: The cow gives us milk.
Syn: provideAnt: take
đĄ Exam tip: Use gives with he, she and it.
lay[/leÉĒ/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽ āĻĒāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: The hen lays eggs.
Syn: produceAnt: remove
đĄ Exam tip: For a hen, lay means produce eggs.
6. Actions and Rhyme Words (8 words)
eat[/iËt/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯ āĻā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: A dog eats meat.
Syn: feedAnt: fast
đĄ Exam tip: Use eats after he, she or it.
feed[/fiËd/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯ āĻĻā§āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
Example: The hen feeds on grains and insects.
Syn: eatAnt: starve
đĄ Exam tip: Feed on means eat a particular food.
live[/lÉĒv/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Alt: āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻž
Example: A deer lives in a forest.
Syn: resideAnt: die
đĄ Exam tip: Use lives after a singular animal name.
jump[/dĘĘmp/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻ˛āĻžāĻĢ āĻĻā§āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻšāĻ āĻžā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ āĻž
Example: The cow jumped over the moon.
Syn: leapAnt: fall
đĄ Exam tip: In the rhyme, jumped is the past form of jump.
laugh[/lÃĻf/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻ¨āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻāĻ°āĻž
Example: The little dog laughed.
Syn: smileAnt: cry
đĄ Exam tip: Laughed is the past form of laugh.
run[/rĘn/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĻā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§
Alt: āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻ˛āĻž
Example: The dish ran away with the spoon.
Syn: dashAnt: walk
đĄ Exam tip: Ran is the past form of run.
fiddle[/ËfÉĒdÉl/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻŦā§āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻž
Alt: āĻāĻ āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°
Example: The cat and the fiddle are in the rhyme.
Syn: violin
đĄ Exam tip: Fiddle rhymes with diddle.
spoon[/spuËn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻ
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŽ
Example: The dish ran away with the spoon.
Syn: utensil
đĄ Exam tip: Remember the rhyme pair: dish and spoon.
đĄ Exam Tips
âĸ Learn each animal with its living place: dogâkennel, cowâcowshed, monkeyâtree, tigerâlair, deerâforest and crowânest.
âĸ Learn each animal or bird with its food: cowâgrass, parrotâfruit, tigerâmeat, henâgrains and insects, and crowâfruit and nuts.
âĸ Remember the difference between domestic and wild: cow and hen are domestic; tiger and lion are wild.
âĸ Use A before a consonant sound: a cow, a dog, a tiger.
âĸ Use an before a vowel sound: an animal, an insect, an egg.
âĸ In true-or-false questions, check both the animal and its living place or food.
âĸ Use lives, eats and gives with a singular subject: A cow lives, eats and gives.
âĸ Use do or does correctly in questions: Do you love it? Does a cow give us milk?
âĸ Remember key rhyme facts: the cat has a fiddle, the cow jumped over the moon, the dog laughed, and the dish ran with the spoon.
âĸ The plural of leaf is leaves, while the plural of deer remains deer.