Chapter: Happy Birthday
đ Vocabulary
English for Today Class Five
â Most Important Exam Words
birthdayspecialdateborncelebratecakecandleblow outsingpartyfriendfamilygifttoywrapcolorfulclothesenjoyJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilfirsttwenty-firstIndependence DayBangla New YearVictory DayInternational Workersâ DayLanguage Martyrsâ DayInternational Mother Language Day
đ Word Formation Rules
âē Add -ful to a noun to form an adjective: color + ful = colorful.
âē Add -ness to an adjective to form a noun: happy + ness = happiness.
âē Add -tion to some verbs to form nouns: celebrate + tion = celebration.
âē Add -ed to a regular verb to form the past tense or past participle: wrap + ped = wrapped.
âē Add -s or -es to a noun to form a plural: candle + s = candles; party + ies = parties.
âē Some plurals are irregular: person â people, child â children.
âē The ordinal form of one is first (1st), and the ordinal form of twenty-one is twenty-first (21st).
âē Use capital letters for names of months, festivals, and special days: January, April, Independence Day.
1. Birthday Basics (8 words)
birthday[/ËbÉËθdeÉĒ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāύā§āĻŽāĻĻāĻŋāύ
Alt: āĻāύā§āĻŽāĻŦāĻžāϰā§āώāĻŋāĻā§
Example: Today is my birthday.
Syn: birth anniversary
đĄ Exam tip: Birthday means the date on which a person was born.
special[/ËspeĘÉl/]adjeasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώ
Alt: āϏā§āĻŦāϤāύā§āϤā§āϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ
Example: A birthday is a special day.
Syn: important, unusualAnt: ordinary, common
đĄ Exam tip: Use special before a noun to describe something important.
person[/ËpÉËrsÉn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ
Alt: āĻŽāĻžāύā§āώ
Example: Every person has a birthday.
Syn: individual, human
đĄ Exam tip: The plural form of person is usually people.
date[/deÉĒt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ
Alt: āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāύ
Example: Write the date in your notebook.
Syn: day
đĄ Exam tip: A date may include the day, month, and year.
born[/bÉËrn/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻāύā§āĻŽāĻā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āĻāύā§āĻŽāĻžāύā§
Example: She was born in Dhaka.
Syn: delivered
đĄ Exam tip: Use born after was, were, or be: He was born in 2015.
year[/jÉĒÉr/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻāϰ
Alt: āĻŦāĻžāϰ⧠āĻŽāĻžāϏā§āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻāĻžāϞ
Example: He is ten years old.
Syn: twelve-month period
đĄ Exam tip: The plural form is years after numbers greater than one.
age[/eÉĒdĘ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ
Alt: āĻāϤ āĻŦāĻāϰ āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ
Example: What is your age?
Syn: years
đĄ Exam tip: Ask: How old are you? to know someone's age.
celebrate[/ËselÉbreÉĒt/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻāĻĻā§âāϝāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āĻāύāύā§āĻĻā§āϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ āĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: We celebrate birthdays with our family.
Syn: observe, enjoyAnt: ignore
đĄ Exam tip: The noun form is celebration.
2. Cake and Birthday Customs (8 words)
cake[/keÉĒk/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āĻ
Alt: āĻŽāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ
Example: There is a cake on the table.
Syn: sweet dessert
đĄ Exam tip: Cake is a countable noun when referring to a whole cake.
candle[/ËkÃĻndÉl/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋ
Alt: āĻāϞ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§āĻŽā§āϰ āĻĻāĻŖā§āĻĄ
Example: There are ten candles on the cake.
Syn: taper
đĄ Exam tip: One candle is used for each year of a person's age.
blow[/bloĘ/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻĢā§āĻ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻžāϏ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: Nafis blows out the candles.
Syn: puffAnt: inhale
đĄ Exam tip: The phrase blow out means extinguish by blowing.
sing[/sÉĒÅ/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻžāύ āĻāĻžāĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Alt: āϏā§āϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦāϞāĻž
Example: The children sing a birthday song.
Syn: chant, vocalize
đĄ Exam tip: Past form: sang; past participle: sung.
song[/sÉËÅ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāύ
Alt: āϏā§āϰāϝā§āĻā§āϤ āϰāĻāύāĻž
Example: They sing a happy song.
Syn: tune, melody
đĄ Exam tip: Do not confuse song with sing; song is a noun and sing is a verb.
candlelight[/ËkÃĻndÉllaÉĒt/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻāϞā§
Alt: āĻŽā§āĻŽā§āϰ āĻāϞā§āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻļ
Example: The room was bright with candlelight.
Syn: candle glowAnt: darkness
đĄ Exam tip: Candlelight is generally used as an uncountable noun.
custom[/ËkĘstÉm/]nounmedium
Meaning: āϰā§āϤāĻŋ
Alt: āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ
Example: Birthday customs are different in different countries.
Syn: tradition, practiceAnt: innovation
đĄ Exam tip: Custom means a usual practice of a group or country.
country[/ËkĘntri/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĻā§āĻļ
Alt: āϰāĻžāώā§āĻā§āϰ
Example: People in every country have different customs.
Syn: nation, state
đĄ Exam tip: The plural form is countries, changing y to ies.
3. Party, Friends and Gifts (8 words)
party[/ËpÉËrti/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻ
āύā§āώā§āĻ āĻžāύ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋ
Alt: āĻāύāύā§āĻĻ-āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļ
Example: There is a party at her home.
Syn: celebration, gathering
đĄ Exam tip: Party can also mean a group of people.
friend[/frend/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāύā§āϧā§
Alt: āĻāύāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ
Example: My friends come to my birthday party.
Syn: companion, mateAnt: enemy
đĄ Exam tip: The plural form is friends.
family[/ËfÃĻmÉli/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ
Alt: āĻāĻāϏāĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏāĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻāϤā§āĻŽā§āϝāĻŧāϏā§āĻŦāĻāύ
Example: I spend my birthday with my family.
Syn: relatives, household
đĄ Exam tip: Family may take a singular verb when treated as one unit.
food[/fuËd/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻĻā§āϝ
Example: Special food is prepared for the party.
Syn: meal, nourishment
đĄ Exam tip: Food is usually uncountable; use pieces or kinds for counting.
sweet[/swiËt/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŽāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻŋ
Alt: āĻŽāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻŋ āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ
Example: The children eat sweets at the party.
Syn: candy, confectionAnt: sour, bitter
đĄ Exam tip: Sweet can be a noun or an adjective.
game[/ÉĄeÉĒm/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āϞāĻž
Alt: āĻŦāĻŋāύā§āĻĻāύāĻŽā§āϞāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϝā§āĻāĻŋāϤāĻž
Example: The children play games.
Syn: play, match
đĄ Exam tip: Use play with games: They play games.
gift[/ÉĄÉĒft/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāϰ
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻāĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏ
Example: Rina gives a birthday gift to Nafis.
Syn: present, offeringAnt: debt
đĄ Exam tip: Gift and present have similar meanings in this lesson.
toy[/tÉÉĒ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻā§āϞāύāĻž
Alt: āĻā§āϞāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏ
Example: The gift may be a toy.
Syn: plaything
đĄ Exam tip: The plural form is toys.
4. Gifts and Descriptions (8 words)
wrap[/rÃĻp/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻŽā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύā§
Alt: āĻāĻžāĻāĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĸā§āĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Example: They wrap the gift in paper.
Syn: cover, packAnt: unwrap, open
đĄ Exam tip: The past form of wrap is wrapped.
wrapped[/rÃĻpt/]adjmedium
Meaning: āĻŽā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύā§
Alt: āĻāĻŦā§āϤ
Example: The gift is wrapped in colorful paper.
Syn: covered, packedAnt: unwrapped
đĄ Exam tip: Wrapped is formed by adding -ed to wrap; keep the double p.
colorful[/ËkĘlÉrfÉl/]adjeasy
Meaning: āϰāĻāĻŋāύ
Alt: āĻ
āύā§āĻ āϰāĻāϝā§āĻā§āϤ
Example: The gift is wrapped in colorful paper.
Syn: bright, multicolouredAnt: colourless, dull
đĄ Exam tip: Colorful is formed from color plus -ful.
paper[/ËpeÉĒpÉr/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻāĻ
Alt: āϞā§āĻāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŽā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ
Example: The box is covered with paper.
Syn: sheet
đĄ Exam tip: Paper may be countable for newspapers or documents and uncountable as material.
clothes[/kloĘðz/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻĒā§āĻļāĻžāĻ
Alt: āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϧā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāϏā§āϤā§āϰ
Example: The gift may be some clothes.
Syn: garments, clothing
đĄ Exam tip: Clothes is plural; say a piece of clothing, not a cloth.
book[/bĘk/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻ
Alt: āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻā§āϰāύā§āĻĨ
Example: I received a book as a gift.
Syn: volume, textbook
đĄ Exam tip: Book can also be a verb meaning āĻāĻā§ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āϏāĻāϰāĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž.
important[/ÉĒmËpÉËrtÉnt/]adjeasy
Meaning: āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ
Alt: āĻŽā§āϞā§āϝāĻŦāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻž āϤāĻžā§āĻĒāϰā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ
Example: Friends and family are important on a birthday.
Syn: significant, valuableAnt: unimportant, trivial
đĄ Exam tip: The noun form is importance.
enjoy[/ÉĒnËdĘÉÉĒ/]verbmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻĒāĻā§āĻ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āĻāύāύā§āĻĻ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: We enjoy the birthday party.
Syn: like, relishAnt: dislike
đĄ Exam tip: Use a noun or gerund after enjoy: enjoy the day; enjoy singing.
5. Dates and Ordinal Numbers (8 words)
January[/ËdĘÃĻnjuÉri/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻžāύā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ
Alt: āĻŦāĻāϰā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻŽāĻžāϏ
Example: My birthday is in January.
đĄ Exam tip: Months begin with a capital letter.
February[/ËfebruÉri/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻĢā§āĻŦā§āϰā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ
Alt: āĻŦāĻāϰā§āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāϏ
Example: The Language Martyrsâ Day is on 21st February.
đĄ Exam tip: February has 28 days in a common year and 29 in a leap year.
March[/mÉËrtĘ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻ
Alt: āĻŦāĻāϰā§āϰ āϤā§āϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāϏ
Example: Bangladesh celebrates Independence Day in March.
đĄ Exam tip: March 26 is the Independence Day of Bangladesh.
April[/ËeÉĒprÉl/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϞ
Alt: āĻŦāĻāϰā§āϰ āĻāϤā§āϰā§āĻĨ āĻŽāĻžāϏ
Example: Bangla New Year is on 14th April.
đĄ Exam tip: April 14 is celebrated as Bangla New Year.
first[/fÉËrst/]adjeasy
Meaning: āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ
Alt: āĻā§āϰāĻŽā§āϰ āĻļā§āϰā§āϤ⧠āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻž
Example: The first of January is New Year's Day.
Syn: earliest, initialAnt: last, final
đĄ Exam tip: The ordinal form of one is first, written 1st.
twenty-first[/Ëtwenti ËfÉËrst/]adjmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻā§āĻļāϤāĻŽ
Alt: āĻā§āϰāĻŽā§ ā§¨ā§§ āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ
Example: The twenty-first of February is International Mother Language Day.
Syn: 21st
đĄ Exam tip: Write twenty-first as 21st in short form.
twenty-sixth[/Ëtwenti ËsÉĒksθ/]adjmedium
Meaning: āĻāĻžāĻŦā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāϤāĻŽ
Alt: āĻā§āϰāĻŽā§ ā§¨ā§Ŧ āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ
Example: The twenty-sixth of March is Independence Day.
Syn: 26th
đĄ Exam tip: Write twenty-sixth as 26th in short form.
date[/deÉĒt/]verbmedium
Meaning: āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ āϞā§āĻāĻž āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž
Alt: āĻā§āύ⧠āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: Please date your answer.
Syn: mark, chronicle
đĄ Exam tip: In the lesson, date is mainly used as a noun meaning āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ.
6. Important Days and Actions (8 words)
Language Martyrsâ Day[/ËlÃĻÅÉĄwÉĒdĘ ËmÉËrtÉrz deÉĒ/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻļāĻšā§āĻĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ
Alt: āĻāĻžāώāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻāϤā§āĻŽāϤā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϰ āϏā§āĻŽāϰāĻŖā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāύ
Example: The 21st of February is Language Martyrsâ Day.
Syn: International Mother Language Day
đĄ Exam tip: It is observed on 21 February.
International Mother Language Day[/ËÉĒntÉrËnÃĻĘÉnÉl ËmĘðÉr ËlÃĻÅÉĄwÉĒdĘ deÉĒ/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āĻāĻžāώāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ
Alt: āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āĻāĻžāώāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϰā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ
Example: International Mother Language Day is observed on 21 February.
Syn: Language Martyrsâ Day
đĄ Exam tip: Remember the date: 21 February.
Independence Day[/ËÉĒndÉĒËpendÉns deÉĒ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āύāϤāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ
Alt: āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āύāϤāĻž āĻ
āϰā§āĻāύā§āϰ āϏā§āĻŽāϰāĻŖā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāύ
Example: Independence Day of Bangladesh is on 26 March.
Syn: national independence day
đĄ Exam tip: Match Independence Day with 26 March.
Bangla New Year[/ËbÃĻÅlÉ njuË jÉĒÉr/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž āύāĻŦāĻŦāϰā§āώ
Alt: āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž āĻŦāĻāϰā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĻāĻŋāύ
Example: Bangla New Year is celebrated on 14 April.
Syn: Pohela Boishakh
đĄ Exam tip: Match Bangla New Year with 14 April.
Victory Day[/ËvÉĒktÉri deÉĒ/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻŦāĻŋāĻāϝāĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ
Alt: āĻŦāĻŋāĻāϝāĻŧ āĻ
āϰā§āĻāύā§āϰ āϏā§āĻŽāϰāĻŖā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĻāĻŋāύ
Example: Victory Day of Bangladesh is on 16 December.
Syn: national victory dayAnt: defeat day
đĄ Exam tip: Match Victory Day with 16 December.
International Workersâ Day[/ËÉĒntÉrËnÃĻĘÉnÉl ËwÉËrkÉrz deÉĒ/]nounmedium
Meaning: āĻāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ āĻļā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ
Alt: āĻļā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻĻā§āϰ āĻ
āϧāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻ āĻ
āĻŦāĻĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ
Example: International Workersâ Day is on 1 May.
Syn: May Day, Labour Day
đĄ Exam tip: Match International Workersâ Day with 1 May.
children[/ËtĘÉĒldrÉn/]nouneasy
Meaning: āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āϰāĻž
Alt: child-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻšā§āĻŦāĻāύ
Example: Children play games at birthday parties.
Syn: kids, youngstersAnt: adults
đĄ Exam tip: Children is an irregular plural; never write childs.
give[/ÉĄÉĒv/]verbeasy
Meaning: āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž
Alt: āĻāĻžāϰāĻ āĻšāĻžāϤ⧠āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻāϰāĻž
Example: Friends give gifts to the birthday child.
Syn: present, offerAnt: take, receive
đĄ Exam tip: Past form: gave; past participle: given.
đĄ Exam Tips
âĸ A birthday is the date when a person was born.
âĸ People around the world celebrate birthdays in different ways.
âĸ There is one candle for each year of a person's life.
âĸ The birthday person blows out the candles, not the friends and family.
âĸ Friends may bring gifts, but gifts are not the most important thing.
âĸ Remember the date format: day, month, and year; for example, 01.01.25 = 1st January, 2025.
âĸ Use ordinal numbers when saying dates: the first of January, the twenty-first of February.
âĸ Match important dates correctly: 21 FebruaryâInternational Mother Language Day; 26 MarchâIndependence Day; 14 AprilâBangla New Year; 1 MayâInternational Workersâ Day; 16 DecemberâVictory Day.
âĸ For True or False questions, compare each statement carefully with the passage.
âĸ In sentence completion, write the month, day, year, and today's date accurately.
âĸ Use was born or were born, not is born, for a completed past event.
âĸ Use enjoy with a noun or an -ing form: enjoy the day; enjoy singing.
âĸ Remember that clothes and children are plural words.
âĸ When writing a date in words, use an ordinal number such as 31st January, 1995.