Chapter: Grocery shopping
📚 Vocabulary
ENGLISH FOR TODAY Class Six
⭐ Most Important Exam Words
grocerymarketsalespersoncustomerpotatotomatobeancarrotcucumbereggplantcaulifloweronionsugarmilkoilsaltquantitykilogramlitredozenpacketloafbuyneedforgetcheckcostchangesomeanyenoughavailablenecessarytotaltogetherplastic
📃 Word Formation Rules
► buy → buyer: add -er to form the person who buys.
► sell → salesperson: combine sell and person to form a person who sells.
► shop → shopper: double the final consonant and add -er.
► bake → baker: add -r to form a person who bakes.
► grocery → grocer: remove the ending -y and change the word to the name of a seller.
► necessary → unnecessarily: add the prefix un- and the suffix -ly to form the opposite adverb.
► available → unavailable: add the prefix un- to form the opposite adjective.
► whole → half: these are opposite words related to quantity.
► loaf → loaves: change -f to -ves in the plural form.
► potato → potatoes and tomato → tomatoes: add -es to form the plural.
1. Grocery Items and Vegetables (8 words)
potato[/pəˈteɪtəʊ/]nouneasy
Meaning: আলু
Alt: a common underground vegetable
Example: We need two kilograms of potatoes.
Syn: vegetable
💡 Exam tip: The plural form is potatoes, not potatos.
tomato[/təˈmɑːtəʊ/]nouneasy
Meaning: টমেটো
Alt: a soft red fruit used as a vegetable
Example: Mother bought one kilogram of tomatoes.
Syn: vegetable
💡 Exam tip: The plural form is tomatoes.
bean[/biːn/]nouneasy
Meaning: শিম; বিন
Alt: the seed or pod of a bean plant
Example: I would like half a kilogram of beans.
Syn: legume
💡 Exam tip: Use beans as the plural form when talking about several items.
carrot[/ˈkærət/]nouneasy
Meaning: গাজর
Alt: an orange root vegetable
Example: There are some carrots in the basket.
Syn: vegetable
💡 Exam tip: Carrot is a countable noun: one carrot, two carrots.
cucumber[/ˈkjuːkʌmbə/]nounmedium
Meaning: শসা
Alt: a long green vegetable
Example: The salad contains cucumber and tomato.
Syn: vegetable
💡 Exam tip: Remember the spelling: cucumber, not cucamber.
eggplant[/ˈeɡplɑːnt/]nounmedium
Meaning: বেগুন
Alt: a purple or white vegetable
Example: She bought three eggplants from the market.
Syn: aubergine
💡 Exam tip: Eggplant is also called aubergine in British English.
cauliflower[/ˈkɒliflaʊə/]nounmedium
Meaning: ফুলকপি
Alt: a white-headed vegetable
Example: We need two cauliflowers for dinner.
Syn: vegetable
💡 Exam tip: Use cauliflowers when the number is more than one.
onion[/ˈʌnjən/]nouneasy
Meaning: পেঁয়াজ
Alt: a round vegetable with a strong smell
Example: Please buy one kilogram of onions.
Syn: vegetable
💡 Exam tip: Onion is usually used as a countable noun.
2. Food and Household Goods (8 words)
sugar[/ˈʃʊɡə/]nouneasy
Meaning: চিনি
Alt: a sweet substance used in food and drinks
Example: Get one kilogram of sugar.
Syn: sweetenerAnt: salt
💡 Exam tip: Sugar is generally an uncountable noun; say some sugar, not many sugars.
milk[/mɪlk/]nouneasy
Meaning: দুধ
Alt: a white liquid produced by mammals
Example: I need one litre of milk.
Syn: dairy
💡 Exam tip: Use much or a litre of with milk because it is uncountable.
oil[/ɔɪl/]nouneasy
Meaning: তেল
Alt: a liquid used for cooking
Example: She bought a litre of oil.
Syn: cooking oil
💡 Exam tip: Oil is uncountable when referring to cooking oil.
salt[/sɔːlt/]nouneasy
Meaning: লবণ
Alt: a white substance used to add taste to food
Example: Do we have any salt at home?
Syn: seasoningAnt: sugar
💡 Exam tip: Salt is normally an uncountable noun.
egg[/eɡ/]nouneasy
Meaning: ডিম
Alt: an oval object produced by a bird
Example: There are only three eggs.
Syn: food
💡 Exam tip: A dozen eggs means twelve eggs.
bread[/bred/]nouneasy
Meaning: রুটি; পাউরুটি
Alt: food made from flour and baked
Example: Please buy a loaf of bread.
Syn: loaf
💡 Exam tip: Use a loaf of bread, not a bread, for one unit.
chocolate[/ˈtʃɒklət/]nouneasy
Meaning: চকলেট
Alt: a sweet food made from cocoa
Example: She bought a packet of chocolates.
Syn: sweetAnt: bitter food
💡 Exam tip: Chocolate can be countable or uncountable depending on the meaning.
noodles[/ˈnuːdlz/]nouneasy
Meaning: নুডলস
Alt: long thin strips of dough used as food
Example: Have you got any noodles?
Syn: pasta
💡 Exam tip: Noodles is commonly used in the plural form.
3. Shopping and Market Vocabulary (8 words)
grocery[/ˈɡrəʊsəri/]nounmedium
Meaning: মুদি পণ্য
Alt: food and household items sold in a shop
Example: Mother made a grocery shopping list.
Syn: foodstuff
💡 Exam tip: Grocery usually refers to everyday food and household goods.
market[/ˈmɑːkɪt/]nouneasy
Meaning: বাজার
Alt: a place where people buy and sell goods
Example: Imran went to the local market.
Syn: bazaar
💡 Exam tip: Local market means a nearby market.
shop[/ʃɒp/]nouneasy
Meaning: দোকান
Alt: a place where goods are sold
Example: The shop sells fresh vegetables.
Syn: store
💡 Exam tip: Shop can be both a noun and a verb.
grocer's[/ˈɡrəʊsəz/]nounmedium
Meaning: মুদি দোকান
Alt: a shop selling food and household goods
Example: We bought sugar from the grocer's.
Syn: grocery store
💡 Exam tip: The apostrophe in grocer's shows possession or the shop of the grocer.
baker's[/ˈbeɪkəz/]nouneasy
Meaning: বেকারির দোকান
Alt: a shop selling bread and cakes
Example: A loaf of bread is available at the baker's.
Syn: bakery
💡 Exam tip: The baker's sells baked items such as bread and cakes.
stationer's[/ˈsteɪʃənəz/]nounhard
Meaning: স্টেশনারির দোকান
Alt: a shop selling writing materials
Example: I bought a pencil box from the stationer's.
Syn: stationery shop
💡 Exam tip: Do not confuse stationary, meaning unmoving, with stationery, meaning writing materials.
salesperson[/ˈseɪlzˌpɜːsən/]nounmedium
Meaning: বিক্রয়কর্মী
Alt: a person who sells goods
Example: The salesperson helped me find the items.
Syn: shop assistantAnt: customer
💡 Exam tip: Salesperson is a gender-neutral word.
customer[/ˈkʌstəmə/]nouneasy
Meaning: ক্রেতা; খদ্দের
Alt: a person who buys goods or services
Example: The customer asked about the price.
Syn: buyerAnt: seller
💡 Exam tip: A customer buys; a salesperson sells.
4. Quantity and Measurement (8 words)
quantity[/ˈkwɒntəti/]nounmedium
Meaning: পরিমাণ
Alt: the amount or number of something
Example: What quantity of rice do you need?
Syn: amountAnt: shortage
💡 Exam tip: Use quantity for both countable and uncountable nouns.
half[/hɑːf/]nouneasy
Meaning: অর্ধেক
Alt: one of two equal parts
Example: I would like half a kilogram of beans.
Syn: one-halfAnt: whole
💡 Exam tip: The plural of half is halves.
kilogram[/ˈkɪləɡræm/]nouneasy
Meaning: কিলোগ্রাম
Alt: a unit for measuring weight
Example: Please give me one kilogram of tomatoes.
Syn: kilo
💡 Exam tip: The short form is kg; use of after a quantity: one kilogram of rice.
litre[/ˈliːtə/]nouneasy
Meaning: লিটার
Alt: a unit for measuring liquid
Example: We need one litre of milk.
Syn: liter
💡 Exam tip: Litre is British spelling; liter is American spelling.
dozen[/ˈdʌzən/]nouneasy
Meaning: এক ডজন; বারোটি
Alt: a group of twelve
Example: I will buy a dozen more eggs.
Syn: twelve
💡 Exam tip: A dozen means twelve, so a dozen eggs means twelve eggs.
packet[/ˈpækɪt/]nouneasy
Meaning: প্যাকেট
Alt: a small container or package
Example: How much is a packet of noodles?
Syn: pack
💡 Exam tip: Use a packet of with items such as noodles, biscuits, or salt.
loaf[/ləʊf/]nounmedium
Meaning: পাউরুটির একটি বড় টুকরা
Alt: a whole piece of bread baked in one shape
Example: She bought a loaf of bread.
Syn: bread
💡 Exam tip: The plural of loaf is loaves.
tube[/tjuːb/]nouneasy
Meaning: টিউব
Alt: a long container for cream or paste
Example: I need a tube of toothpaste.
Syn: container
💡 Exam tip: Use a tube of for toothpaste, paint, and cream.
5. Shopping Actions and Conversation (8 words)
buy[/baɪ/]verbeasy
Meaning: কেনা
Alt: to get something by paying money
Example: Imran will buy some vegetables.
Syn: purchaseAnt: sell
💡 Exam tip: The past form of buy is bought.
need[/niːd/]verbeasy
Meaning: প্রয়োজন হওয়া
Alt: to require something
Example: We need some sugar and milk.
Syn: requireAnt: lack
💡 Exam tip: Need can be followed by a noun or to plus verb: need milk; need to buy.
forget[/fəˈɡet/]verbeasy
Meaning: ভুলে যাওয়া
Alt: to fail to remember something
Example: Do not forget your shopping list.
Syn: overlookAnt: remember
💡 Exam tip: The past form is forgot and the past participle is forgotten.
check[/tʃek/]verbeasy
Meaning: পরীক্ষা করা
Alt: to look at something carefully
Example: Let me check the shopping list.
Syn: inspectAnt: ignore
💡 Exam tip: In the dialogue, check means to look at the list carefully.
help[/help/]verbeasy
Meaning: সাহায্য করা
Alt: to make something easier for someone
Example: How can I help you?
Syn: assistAnt: hinder
💡 Exam tip: How can I help you? is a polite expression used by a shop assistant.
want[/wɒnt/]verbeasy
Meaning: চাওয়া
Alt: to wish to have or do something
Example: How much milk do you want?
Syn: wishAnt: dislike
💡 Exam tip: Use do or does to form questions with want.
cost[/kɒst/]verbmedium
Meaning: দাম হওয়া
Alt: to have a particular price
Example: How much does the bread cost?
Syn: be priced at
💡 Exam tip: Cost has the same form in the present and past: cost, cost.
change[/tʃeɪndʒ/]nounmedium
Meaning: ফেরত টাকা
Alt: money returned after paying more than the price
Example: Here is your change, fifteen taka.
Syn: balance
💡 Exam tip: In this lesson, change means ফেরত টাকা, not alteration.
6. Grammar, Description and Useful Expressions (8 words)
some[/sʌm/]adjeasy
Meaning: কিছু
Alt: an unspecified amount or number
Example: I need some milk.
Syn: a fewAnt: none
💡 Exam tip: Use some mainly in positive statements: I have some eggs.
any[/ˈeni/]adjeasy
Meaning: কোনো; কিছু
Alt: one or more of an unspecified number or amount
Example: Are there any vegetables?
Syn: a singleAnt: no
💡 Exam tip: Use any mainly in questions and negative statements.
enough[/ɪˈnʌf/]adjmedium
Meaning: যথেষ্ট
Alt: as much or as many as needed
Example: We do not have enough potatoes.
Syn: sufficientAnt: insufficient
💡 Exam tip: Enough comes before a noun: enough sugar; but after an adjective: good enough.
available[/əˈveɪləbəl/]adjmedium
Meaning: পাওয়া যায় এমন
Alt: ready to be bought or used
Example: Fresh vegetables are available in the market.
Syn: obtainableAnt: unavailable
💡 Exam tip: Available means present or obtainable, not expensive.
necessary[/ˈnesəsəri/]adjmedium
Meaning: প্রয়োজনীয়
Alt: needed for a particular purpose
Example: Mother wrote a list of necessary items.
Syn: essentialAnt: unnecessary
💡 Exam tip: Necessary has one c and two s letters: necessary.
total[/ˈtəʊtəl/]nouneasy
Meaning: মোট মূল্য
Alt: the complete amount or sum
Example: How much is the total?
Syn: sumAnt: part
💡 Exam tip: The total comes to means the final amount is.
together[/təˈɡeðə/]adveasy
Meaning: একসঙ্গে
Alt: with or near each other
Example: Please put all the items together.
Syn: jointlyAnt: apart
💡 Exam tip: Together is an adverb and often describes how an action is done.
plastic[/ˈplæstɪk/]adjeasy
Meaning: প্লাস্টিকের
Alt: made from a synthetic material
Example: We do not use plastic bags here.
Syn: syntheticAnt: natural
💡 Exam tip: Plastic bag is a common compound noun.
💡 Exam Tips
• Use some in positive statements: There are some beans.
• Use any in questions: Are there any eggs?
• Use any in negative statements: We do not have any salt.
• Use a or an with singular countable nouns: a potato, an egg.
• Use quantity expressions correctly: half a kilogram of beans, one litre of oil, a dozen eggs.
• A loaf of bread, a packet of noodles, and a tube of toothpaste are standard quantity phrases.
• A dozen means twelve.
• In the shopping dialogue, change means the money returned after payment.
• Remember the difference between grocer's, baker's, and stationer's.
• Use polite expressions such as How can I help you?, Could I have...?, Here you are, and Thank you.
• The correct question is How much is it? for price and How much would you like? for quantity.
• The plural forms are potatoes, tomatoes, cauliflowers, eggs, and loaves.