Unit Four
Check Your Reference
Check Your Reference
Textual Dictionary
Every word below is taken from this chapter, and the meanings are given in English for clear reference.
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dictionary (ডিকশনারি) | A book that lists the words of a language and gives information about them. | reference book (a book used for information) collection (a group of items) | — | A dictionary is a collection of words. A dictionary is a collection of words. |
| alphabetical (অ্যালফাবেটিক্যাল) | Arranged according to the order of the letters of the alphabet. | ordered (put in order) classified (arranged in groups) | — | The words in a dictionary are presented in alphabetical order. The words in a dictionary are presented in alphabetical order. |
| pronunciation (প্রনানসিয়েশন) | The way a word is spoken. | speech (spoken language) enunciation (clear speaking) | — | It tells us about the spelling, pronunciation, meaning and word class. It tells us about the spelling, pronunciation, meaning and word class. |
| meaning (মিনিং) | The idea or sense expressed by a word. | sense (the idea expressed) significance (importance) | — | To make the meanings of words clear, example sentences are given. To make the meanings of words clear, example sentences are given. |
| synonym (সিনোনিম) | A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. | equivalent (having the same meaning) similar word (a nearly same word) | antonym (an opposite word) | It also gives the synonym/s and the antonym/s of a word. It also gives the synonym/s and the antonym/s of a word. |
| antonym (অ্যান্টোনিম) | A word with an opposite meaning. | opposite word (a word with an opposite meaning) | synonym (a word with a similar meaning) | It also gives the synonym/s and the antonym/s of a word. It also gives the synonym/s and the antonym/s of a word. |
| fit (ফিট) | To be the right size or type; also healthy or suitable. | suitable (right for a purpose) healthy (strong and well) appropriate (suitable) | unfit (not suitable or healthy) | That jacket fits well. That jacket fits well. |
| contents (কনটেন্টস) | The sections or topics included in a book. | topics (subjects) sections (parts) | — | You see the title of the book and you want to read it. You see the title of the book and you want to read it. |
The table contains 8 words selected from the chapter.
1. How to Use This Sheet
Study Steps
▪ Read the lesson before studying the word list.
▪ Cover the meaning column and test yourself on each word.
▪ Read every example sentence carefully.
▪ Use the example sentences as models for your own writing practice.
▪ Check the pronunciation before saying a new word aloud.
▪ Review the synonyms and antonyms after learning the main meaning.
Textual Dictionary
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dictionary (ডিকশনারি) | A book that lists the words of a language and gives information about them. | reference book; word list | — | Use the dictionary to check the word class. |
| alphabetical (অ্যালফাবেটিক্যাল) | Arranged according to the order of the letters of the alphabet. | ordered; classified | unordered; random | The entries are arranged in alphabetical order. |
| pronunciation (প্রনানসিয়েশন) | The way a word is spoken. | speech; enunciation | — | The dictionary shows the pronunciation of the word. |
| meaning (মিনিং) | The idea or sense expressed by a word. | sense; significance | — | The example helps us understand the meaning. |
| synonym (সিনোনিম) | A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. | equivalent; similar word | antonym; opposite word | A synonym has a similar meaning to another word. |
| antonym (অ্যান্টোনিম) | A word with an opposite meaning. | opposite word; contrary word | synonym; equivalent | The dictionary gives the antonym of a word when available. |
| fit (ফিট) | To be the right size or type; also healthy or suitable. | suitable; healthy; appropriate | unfit; unsuitable | The key does not fit the lock. |
| contents (কনটেন্টস) | The sections or topics included in a book. | topics; sections | — | The contents show the topics and their page numbers. |
The table contains 8 words selected from the chapter.
📌 Key Points
▪ A dictionary is a collection of words.
▪ A dictionary gives information about the spelling of a word.
▪ A dictionary gives information about pronunciation.
▪ A dictionary explains the meaning of a word.
▪ A dictionary shows the word class of an entry.
▪ Example sentences show how words are used.
▪ Synonyms have the same or nearly the same meaning.
▪ Antonyms have opposite meanings.
▪ Words in a dictionary are presented in alphabetical order.
▪ Prefixes and suffixes help to make new words.
▪ A verb entry is given in the simple present tense, with its past form and past participle also shown.
▪ The contents of a book identify its sections or topics.
2. Key Words - Main Table (1-15)
Study each word with its pronunciation, Bengali meaning, related words, and an example from the context of using a dictionary.
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dictionary (ডিকশনারি) | অভিধান (a book that lists words and information) | reference book (তথ্যগ্রন্থ) word list (শব্দতালিকা) | — | I use a dictionary when I meet an unfamiliar word. আমি অপরিচিত শব্দ দেখলে অভিধান ব্যবহার করি। |
| collection (কালেকশন) | সংগ্রহ (a group of items) | group (গোষ্ঠী) list (তালিকা) | — | A dictionary is a collection of words. একটি অভিধান শব্দের একটি সংগ্রহ। |
| alphabetical (অ্যালফাবেটিক্যাল) | বর্ণানুক্রমিক (arranged by the letters of the alphabet) | ordered (সুশৃঙ্খল) classified (শ্রেণিবদ্ধ) | unordered (এলোমেলো) random (অনিয়মিত) | The new words are arranged in alphabetical order. নতুন শব্দগুলো বর্ণানুক্রমে সাজানো হয়েছে। |
| pronunciation (প্রনানসিয়েশন) | উচ্চারণ (the way a word is spoken) | speech (বক্তব্য) enunciation (স্পষ্ট উচ্চারণ) | — | The dictionary gives the pronunciation of each word. অভিধানটি প্রতিটি শব্দের উচ্চারণ দেয়। |
| meaning (মিনিং) | অর্থ (the idea expressed by a word) | sense (ভাব) significance (তাৎপর্য) | — | The example helps us understand the meaning. উদাহরণটি আমাদের অর্থ বুঝতে সাহায্য করে। |
| synonym (সিনোনিম) | সমার্থক শব্দ (a word with the same or nearly the same meaning) | equivalent (সমতুল্য) similar word (সদৃশ শব্দ) | antonym (বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ) opposite word (বিপরীত শব্দ) | A synonym has a similar meaning to another word. একটি সমার্থক শব্দের অন্য একটি শব্দের সঙ্গে একই রকম অর্থ থাকে। |
| antonym (অ্যান্টোনিম) | বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ (a word with an opposite meaning) | opposite word (বিপরীত শব্দ) contrary word (বিরোধী শব্দ) | synonym (সমার্থক শব্দ) equivalent (সমতুল্য) | The dictionary gives the antonym when it is available. অভিধানটি পাওয়া গেলে বিপরীতার্থক শব্দটি দেয়। |
| fit (ফিট) | উপযুক্ত বা সঠিক মাপের; সুস্থ (right in size, type, or condition) | suitable (উপযুক্ত) healthy (সুস্থ) appropriate (যথাযথ) | unfit (অনুপযুক্ত বা অসুস্থ) unsuitable (অনুপযুক্ত) | The key does not fit the lock. চাবিটি তালায় খাপ খায় না। |
| contents (কনটেন্টস) | বিষয়বস্তু বা অধ্যায়সমূহ (the sections or topics in a book) | topics (বিষয়সমূহ) sections (অংশসমূহ) | — | The contents show the topics and their page numbers. বিষয়সূচিতে বিষয়গুলো ও তাদের পৃষ্ঠার নম্বর দেখানো থাকে। |
| spelling (স্পেলিং) | বানান (the correct written form of a word) | word form (শব্দরূপ) writing (লিখিত রূপ) | — | Check the spelling before writing the word. শব্দটি লেখার আগে বানান যাচাই করো। |
| word (ওয়ার্ড) | শব্দ (a unit of language with meaning) | term (শব্দ) expression (প্রকাশভঙ্গি) | — | Look up the word in the dictionary. অভিধানে শব্দটি খুঁজে দেখো। |
| class (ক্লাস) | শ্রেণি বা পদ (a grammatical group) | category (শ্রেণি) group (দল) | — | The dictionary shows the word class of an entry. অভিধানটি একটি ভুক্তির পদ দেখায়। |
| example (এগজ্যাম্পল) | উদাহরণ (a sentence or thing that shows an idea) | model (নমুনা) illustration (দৃষ্টান্ত) | — | Read the example before using the new word. নতুন শব্দটি ব্যবহার করার আগে উদাহরণটি পড়ো। |
| sentence (সেন্টেন্স) | বাক্য (a group of words expressing a complete idea) | statement (বিবৃতি) expression (প্রকাশ) | — | Write a sentence with the word fit. fit শব্দটি দিয়ে একটি বাক্য লেখো। |
| prefixes (প্রিফিক্সেস) | উপসর্গ (parts added before root words) | word parts (শব্দাংশ) additions (সংযোজন) | — | Prefixes help to make new words. উপসর্গ নতুন শব্দ তৈরি করতে সাহায্য করে। |
▣ Key Points
- A dictionary is a collection of words.
- A dictionary gives information about spelling, pronunciation, meaning, and word class.
- Example sentences explain how words are used.
- Synonyms have the same or nearly the same meaning.
- Antonyms have opposite meanings.
- Dictionary entries are presented in alphabetical order.
- Prefixes and suffixes help to make new words.
- A verb entry is given in the simple present tense.
- The past form and past participle of a verb may also be shown.
- The contents of a book identify its sections or topics.
3. Key Words - Main Table (16-30)
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| title (/ˈtaɪtl/) | the name of a book or text | heading (a name) name (a word identifying something) | — | You see the title of the book before reading it. |
| information (/ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən/) | facts or details about something | facts (true details) knowledge (understanding) | ignorance (lack of knowledge) misinformation (false information) | A dictionary gives necessary information about words. |
| divided (/dɪˈvaɪdɪd/) | separated into parts | separated (split apart) partitioned (divided into sections) | united (joined together) combined (put together) | The book is divided into a few parts. |
| parts (/pɑːrts/) | sections of a whole | sections (separate divisions) portions (parts of something) | whole (complete thing) entirety (the complete amount) | The book contains a few different parts. |
| certain (/ˈsɜːrtn/) | particular or specific | specific (clearly identified) particular (one special item) | general (not specific) uncertain (not definite) | You may want to read a certain part of the book. |
| waste (/weɪst/) | to use time or resources unnecessarily | squander (use carelessly) misuse (use wrongly) | save (keep for later) use wisely (use carefully) | The contents page helps you avoid wasting time. |
| available (/əˈveɪləbl/) | ready to be used or found | accessible (easy to reach) obtainable (able to be obtained) | unavailable (not ready or present) missing (not found) | The dictionary gives the antonym when it is available. |
| root (/ruːt/) | the basic word from which another word is formed | base (basic form) stem (main word part) | — | Prefixes and suffixes can be added to a root word. |
| suffixes (/ˈsʌfɪksɪz/) | parts added after root words | endings (parts at the end) word parts (parts of words) | prefixes (parts added before words) | Suffixes help to make new words. |
| necessary (/ˈnesəseri/) | needed or required | needed (required) essential (very important) | unnecessary (not needed) optional (not required) | A dictionary gives necessary information about words. |
| italics (/ɪˈtælɪks/) | sloping printed letters used for emphasis | italic type (sloping print) slanted writing (leaning letters) | roman type (upright print) regular print (ordinary lettering) | Example sentences are given in italics. |
| category (/ˈkætəɡəri/) | a group of things with similar qualities | class (a group) group (a collection of similar things) | mixture (a combined mass) individual (a single item) | His pictures do not fit into any category. |
| familiar (/fəˈmɪliər/) | known from previous experience | known (recognised) recognisable (easy to identify) | unfamiliar (not known) unknown (not recognised) | Is the table familiar to you? |
| acknowledgments (/əkˈnɒlɪdʒmənts/) | statements expressing thanks | thanks (expressions of gratitude) recognition (showing appreciation) | disregard (lack of attention) neglect (failure to notice) | Acknowledgments appear in the table of contents. |
| column (/ˈkɒləm/) | a vertical section in a table | section (a division) field (an area in a table) | row (a horizontal line) — | What are the column heads? |
The table contains 15 words selected from the chapter.
4. Subject Terms and Definitions
5. Words in Context
A dictionary page becomes easier to understand when its parts are read together. The short passage below brings important words from the chapter into one connected context.
When a new book is opened, the contents page helps a reader find a particular topic. The column heads show what information is given, while a dictionary helps with the spelling, pronunciation, and meaning of an unfamiliar word. A reader may also check a synonym or an antonym. The entries are arranged in alphabetical order, and a familiar table can make this search quicker. Words formed with prefixes and suffixes can also be studied in the same way.
Read each entry carefully. Notice how the example sentence explains the word in the context of using a reference book.
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| contents (/ˈkɒntents/) | The sections or topics included in a book. | topics; sections | — | The contents page helps me locate the dictionary page. The contents page helps me locate the dictionary page. |
| familiar (/fəˈmɪliər/) | Known from previous experience. | known; recognisable | unfamiliar; unknown | The table looks familiar because it lists topics and page numbers. The table looks familiar because it lists topics and page numbers. |
| column (/ˈkɒləm/) | A vertical section in a table. | section; field | row | The pronunciation is written in a separate column. The pronunciation is written in a separate column. |
| dictionary (/ˈdɪkʃənəri/) | A book that lists words and gives information about them. | reference book; word list | — | I opened the dictionary to check a word from the lesson. I opened the dictionary to check a word from the lesson. |
| pronunciation (/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/) | The way a word is spoken. | speech; enunciation | — | The learner checked the pronunciation before reading aloud. The learner checked the pronunciation before reading aloud. |
| meaning (/ˈmiːnɪŋ/) | The idea or sense expressed by a word. | sense; significance | — | The example sentence makes the meaning easier to understand. The example sentence makes the meaning easier to understand. |
| synonym (/ˈsɪnənɪm/) | A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. | equivalent; similar word | antonym; opposite word | The synonym gives another way to express the idea. The synonym gives another way to express the idea. |
| antonym (/ˈæntənɪm/) | A word with an opposite meaning. | opposite word; contrary word | synonym; equivalent | The antonym shows how the opposite idea can be expressed. The antonym shows how the opposite idea can be expressed. |
| alphabetical (/ˌælfəˈbetɪkl/) | Arranged according to the order of the letters of the alphabet. | ordered; classified | unordered; random | The word list is arranged in alphabetical order for quick reference. The word list is arranged in alphabetical order for quick reference. |
6. Exercise 1 - Match the Meaning
Instruction: Match each word in Column A with its correct meaning in Column B. Write the letter of the correct meaning beside each word.
| Column A: Word | Column B: Meaning |
|---|---|
| 1. contents (KON-tents) | A. A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. |
| 2. familiar (fuh-MIL-ee-uh) | B. A vertical section in a table. |
| 3. column (KOL-um) | C. Parts added before root words. |
| 4. dictionary (DIK-shuh-nuh-ree) | D. Known from previous experience. |
| 5. pronunciation (pruh-nun-see-AY-shun) | E. The sections or topics included in a book. |
| 6. meaning (MEE-ning) | F. The way a word is spoken. |
| 7. synonym (SIN-uh-nim) | G. A book that lists words and gives information about them. |
| 8. antonym (AN-tuh-nim) | H. The idea or sense expressed by a word. |
| 9. alphabetical (al-fuh-BET-i-kul) | I. A word with an opposite meaning. |
| 10. prefixes (PREE-fik-siz) | J. Arranged according to the order of the letters of the alphabet. |
Answer Key
1–E, 2–D, 3–B, 4–G, 5–F, 6–H, 7–A, 8–I, 9–J, 10–C
7. Exercise 2 - Fill in the Blanks
Instruction: Complete each sentence with a suitable word from the word bank. Use each word once.
Word Bank: contents, familiar, column, dictionary, pronunciation, meaning, synonym, antonym, alphabetical, prefixes
| No. | Sentence |
|---|---|
| 1 | The ______ page helps a reader find the topics and their page numbers. |
| 2 | The table looks ______ because it has the same arrangement as the one in the textbook. |
| 3 | The page has a separate ______ for page numbers. |
| 4 | I opened the ______ to check an unfamiliar word. |
| 5 | The learner checked the ______ before saying the word aloud. |
| 6 | An example sentence can make the ______ of a word clear. |
| 7 | A ______ gives another word with the same or nearly the same idea. |
| 8 | An ______ expresses the opposite idea. |
| 9 | Dictionary entries are arranged in ______ order. |
| 10 | ______ are added before root words to form new words. |
Worked Examples
Ex. The ______ page shows the sections of a book.
Sol: The sentence refers to the page that lists a book's sections.
Suitable word = contents
Ans. The contents page shows the sections of a book.
Suitable word = contents
Ans. The contents page shows the sections of a book.
Ex. The learner checked the ______ before reading the word aloud.
Sol: The sentence describes the way a word is spoken.
Suitable word = pronunciation
Ans. The learner checked the pronunciation before reading the word aloud.
Suitable word = pronunciation
Ans. The learner checked the pronunciation before reading the word aloud.
Ex. A ______ gives a similar word.
Sol: A word with the same or nearly the same meaning is required.
Suitable word = synonym
Ans. A synonym gives a similar word.
Suitable word = synonym
Ans. A synonym gives a similar word.
Ex. The entries are arranged in ______ order.
Sol: The sentence describes the order of letters in a dictionary.
Suitable word = alphabetical
Ans. The entries are arranged in alphabetical order.
Suitable word = alphabetical
Ans. The entries are arranged in alphabetical order.
Ex. ______ help to make new words.
Sol: The sentence asks for parts added before root words.
Suitable word = prefixes
Ans. Prefixes help to make new words.
Suitable word = prefixes
Ans. Prefixes help to make new words.
Textual Dictionary Reference
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| contents (কনটেন্টস) | বিষয়বস্তু বা অধ্যায়সমূহ (the sections or topics in a book) | topics (বিষয়সমূহ); sections (অংশসমূহ) | — | The contents page lists the sections of the book. বিষয়সূচির পৃষ্ঠায় বইটির অংশগুলো তালিকাভুক্ত থাকে। |
| familiar (ফ্যামিলিয়ার) | পরিচিত (known from previous experience) | known (পরিচিত); recognisable (চেনা যায় এমন) | unfamiliar (অপরিচিত); unknown (অজানা) | The table looks familiar to the students. টেবিলটি শিক্ষার্থীদের পরিচিত মনে হয়। |
| column (কলাম) | সারণির উল্লম্ব অংশ (a vertical section in a table) | section (অংশ); field (ঘর) | row (সারি) | The page-number column is easy to read. পৃষ্ঠা-নম্বরের কলামটি পড়া সহজ। |
| dictionary (ডিকশনারি) | অভিধান (a book that lists words and information) | reference book (তথ্যগ্রন্থ); word list (শব্দতালিকা) | — | The dictionary helps me understand a new entry. অভিধানটি আমাকে একটি নতুন ভুক্তি বুঝতে সাহায্য করে। |
| pronunciation (প্রনানসিয়েশন) | উচ্চারণ (the way a word is spoken) | speech (বক্তব্য); enunciation (স্পষ্ট উচ্চারণ) | — | The learner practised the pronunciation of the word. শিক্ষার্থীটি শব্দটির উচ্চারণ অনুশীলন করল। |
| meaning (মিনিং) | অর্থ (the idea expressed by a word) | sense (ভাব); significance (তাৎপর্য) | — | The example makes the meaning clearer. উদাহরণটি অর্থটি আরও স্পষ্ট করে। |
| synonym (সিনোনিম) | সমার্থক শব্দ (a word with the same or nearly the same meaning) | equivalent (সমতুল্য); similar word (সদৃশ শব্দ) | antonym (বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ); opposite word (বিপরীত শব্দ) | A synonym gives another way to express an idea. একটি সমার্থক শব্দ একটি ভাব প্রকাশের অন্য উপায় দেয়। |
| antonym (অ্যান্টোনিম) | বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ (a word with an opposite meaning) | opposite word (বিপরীত শব্দ); contrary word (বিরোধী শব্দ) | synonym (সমার্থক শব্দ); equivalent (সমতুল্য) | The antonym expresses the opposite idea. বিপরীতার্থক শব্দটি বিপরীত ভাব প্রকাশ করে। |
| alphabetical (অ্যালফাবেটিক্যাল) | বর্ণানুক্রমিক (arranged by the letters of the alphabet) | ordered (সুশৃঙ্খল); classified (শ্রেণিবদ্ধ) | unordered (এলোমেলো); random (অনিয়মিত) | The word list follows alphabetical order. শব্দতালিকাটি বর্ণানুক্রম অনুসরণ করে। |
| prefixes (প্রিফিক্সেস) | উপসর্গ (parts added before root words) | word parts (শব্দাংশ); additions (সংযোজন) | — | Prefixes are added before root words. মূল শব্দের আগে উপসর্গ যোগ করা হয়। |
Answer Key: 1–contents, 2–familiar, 3–column, 4–dictionary, 5–pronunciation, 6–meaning, 7–synonym, 8–antonym, 9–alphabetical, 10–prefixes
8. Exercise 3 - Synonyms and Antonyms
Textual Dictionary
Study the words, meanings, synonyms, antonyms, and example sentences. Then complete the exercises.
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| familiar (ফ্যামিলিয়ার) | পরিচিত (known from previous experience) | known (পরিচিত); recognisable (চেনা যায় এমন) | unfamiliar (অপরিচিত); unknown (অজানা) | The contents page becomes familiar after careful reading. মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়ার পর বিষয়সূচির পৃষ্ঠাটি পরিচিত হয়ে ওঠে। |
| contents (কনটেন্টস) | বিষয়বস্তু বা অধ্যায়সমূহ (the sections or topics in a book) | topics (বিষয়সমূহ); sections (অংশসমূহ) | — | The contents help us find a certain part of the book. বিষয়সূচি আমাদের বইয়ের একটি নির্দিষ্ট অংশ খুঁজে পেতে সাহায্য করে। |
| dictionary (ডিকশনারি) | অভিধান (a book that lists words and information) | reference book (তথ্যগ্রন্থ); word list (শব্দতালিকা) | — | A dictionary gives necessary information about words. একটি অভিধান শব্দ সম্পর্কে প্রয়োজনীয় তথ্য দেয়। |
| pronunciation (প্রনানসিয়েশন) | উচ্চারণ (the way a word is spoken) | speech (বক্তব্য); enunciation (স্পষ্ট উচ্চারণ) | — | The learner checked the pronunciation before speaking. শিক্ষার্থী কথা বলার আগে উচ্চারণ যাচাই করল। |
| meaning (মিনিং) | অর্থ (the idea expressed by a word) | sense (ভাব); significance (তাৎপর্য) | — | The example sentence makes the meaning clear. উদাহরণ বাক্যটি অর্থটি স্পষ্ট করে। |
| synonym (সিনোনিম) | সমার্থক শব্দ (a word with the same or nearly the same meaning) | equivalent (সমতুল্য); similar word (সদৃশ শব্দ) | antonym (বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ); opposite word (বিপরীত শব্দ) | A synonym gives another way to express an idea. একটি সমার্থক শব্দ একটি ভাব প্রকাশের অন্য উপায় দেয়। |
| antonym (অ্যান্টোনিম) | বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ (a word with an opposite meaning) | opposite word (বিপরীত শব্দ); contrary word (বিরোধী শব্দ) | synonym (সমার্থক শব্দ); equivalent (সমতুল্য) | The antonym expresses the opposite idea. বিপরীতার্থক শব্দটি বিপরীত ভাব প্রকাশ করে। |
| alphabetical (অ্যালফাবেটিক্যাল) | বর্ণানুক্রমিক (arranged by the letters of the alphabet) | ordered (সুশৃঙ্খল); classified (শ্রেণিবদ্ধ) | unordered (এলোমেলো); random (অনিয়মিত) | The word list follows alphabetical order. শব্দতালিকাটি বর্ণানুক্রম অনুসরণ করে। |
| prefixes (প্রিফিক্সেস) | উপসর্গ (parts added before root words) | word parts (শব্দাংশ); additions (সংযোজন) | — | Prefixes are added before root words. মূল শব্দের আগে উপসর্গ যোগ করা হয়। |
| suitable (স্যুটেবল) | উপযুক্ত (right or appropriate for a purpose) | appropriate (যথাযথ); fit (উপযুক্ত) | unfit (অনুপযুক্ত বা অসুস্থ); unsuitable (অনুপযুক্ত) | Choose a suitable example sentence for the word. শব্দটির জন্য একটি উপযুক্ত উদাহরণ বাক্য বেছে নাও। |
Worked Example Series
Ex. Give a synonym of familiar.
Sol: familiar = known = পরিচিত
Therefore, the suitable synonym is known. Ans. known
Therefore, the suitable synonym is known. Ans. known
Ex. Give an antonym of alphabetical.
Sol: alphabetical = arranged by letters
Opposite idea = unordered = এলোমেলো
Therefore, the suitable antonym is unordered. Ans. unordered
Opposite idea = unordered = এলোমেলো
Therefore, the suitable antonym is unordered. Ans. unordered
Ex. Give a synonym of contents.
Sol: contents = sections or topics in a book
contents = topics = বিষয়সমূহ
Therefore, the suitable synonym is topics. Ans. topics
contents = topics = বিষয়সমূহ
Therefore, the suitable synonym is topics. Ans. topics
Ex. Give an antonym of suitable.
Sol: suitable = appropriate = উপযুক্ত
Opposite idea = unsuitable = অনুপযুক্ত
Therefore, the suitable antonym is unsuitable. Ans. unsuitable
Opposite idea = unsuitable = অনুপযুক্ত
Therefore, the suitable antonym is unsuitable. Ans. unsuitable
Ex. Give a synonym of antonym.
Sol: antonym = a word with an opposite meaning
antonym = opposite word = বিপরীত শব্দ
Therefore, the suitable synonym is opposite word. Ans. opposite word
antonym = opposite word = বিপরীত শব্দ
Therefore, the suitable synonym is opposite word. Ans. opposite word
Answer Key: 1–known, 2–unordered, 3–topics, 4–unsuitable, 5–opposite word
9. Exercise 4 - Make Sentences
Use each word in a meaningful sentence. Study the model sentences after completing the exercise.
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dictionary (ডিকশনারি) | A book that lists words and gives information about them. | reference book (তথ্যগ্রন্থ); word list (শব্দতালিকা) | — | Our dictionary helps us find the correct word class. |
| alphabetical (অ্যালফাবেটিক্যাল) | Arranged according to the order of the letters of the alphabet. | ordered (সুশৃঙ্খল); classified (শ্রেণিবদ্ধ) | unordered (এলোমেলো); random (অনিয়মিত) | The entries make it easy to find a word in alphabetical order. |
| pronunciation (প্রনানসিয়েশন) | The way a word is spoken. | speech (বক্তব্য); enunciation (স্পষ্ট উচ্চারণ) | — | I listened to the pronunciation before reading the word aloud. |
| meaning (মিনিং) | The idea or sense expressed by a word. | sense (ভাব); significance (তাৎপর্য) | — | The context helped Rina understand the meaning of the word. |
| synonym (সিনোনিম) | A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. | equivalent (সমতুল্য); similar word (সদৃশ শব্দ) | antonym (বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ); opposite word (বিপরীত শব্দ) | The learner wrote a synonym beside the new entry. |
| antonym (অ্যান্টোনিম) | A word with an opposite meaning. | opposite word (বিপরীত শব্দ); contrary word (বিরোধী শব্দ) | synonym (সমার্থক শব্দ); equivalent (সমতুল্য) | We searched for an antonym to complete the word exercise. |
| contents (কনটেন্টস) | The sections or topics included in a book. | topics (বিষয়সমূহ); sections (অংশসমূহ) | — | The contents directed us to the correct page of the textbook. |
| prefixes (প্রিফিক্সেস) | Parts added before root words. | word parts (শব্দাংশ); additions (সংযোজন) | — | Prefixes can help learners understand new words. |
Worked Example Series
Ex. Make a sentence with dictionary.
Sol:
dictionary = a book of words
Model sentence = I opened the dictionary to check a new word.
Ans. I opened the dictionary to check a new word.
Ex. Make a sentence with alphabetical.
Sol:
alphabetical = arranged by letters
Model sentence = The vocabulary list is in alphabetical order.
Ans. The vocabulary list is in alphabetical order.
Ex. Make a sentence with pronunciation.
Sol:
pronunciation = the way a word is spoken
Model sentence = The teacher corrected my pronunciation.
Ans. The teacher corrected my pronunciation.
Ex. Make a sentence with synonym.
Sol:
synonym = a word with a similar meaning
Model sentence = We found a synonym for the word in the dictionary.
Ans. We found a synonym for the word in the dictionary.
Ex. Make a sentence with contents.
Sol:
contents = the sections of a book
Model sentence = I read the contents before choosing a lesson.
Ans. I read the contents before choosing a lesson.
10. Vocabulary MCQ (1-10)
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dictionary (/ˈdɪkʃənəri/) | A book that lists words and gives information about them. | reference book; word list | — | A dictionary is a collection of words. |
| alphabetical (/ˌælfəˈbetɪkl/) | Arranged according to the order of the letters of the alphabet. | ordered; classified | unordered; random | The words in a dictionary are presented in alphabetical order. |
| pronunciation (/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/) | The way a word is spoken. | speech; enunciation | — | The dictionary shows the pronunciation of the word. |
| meaning (/ˈmiːnɪŋ/) | The idea or sense expressed by a word. | sense; significance | — | The example helps us understand the meaning. |
| synonym (/ˈsɪnənɪm/) | A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. | equivalent; similar word | antonym; opposite word | A synonym has a similar meaning to another word. |
| antonym (/ˈæntənɪm/) | A word with an opposite meaning. | opposite word; contrary word | synonym; equivalent | The dictionary gives the antonym of a word when available. |
| fit (/fɪt/) | To be the right size, type, or condition; also healthy or suitable. | suitable; healthy; appropriate | unfit; unsuitable | The key does not fit the lock. |
| contents (/ˈkɒntents/) | The sections or topics included in a book. | topics; sections | — | The contents show the topics and their page numbers. |
| prefixes (/ˈpriːfɪksɪz/) | Parts added before root words. | word parts; additions | — | Prefixes help to make new words. |
| word class (/wɜːd klɑːs/) | A grammatical group to which a word belongs. | category; grammatical group | — | The dictionary shows the word class of an entry. |
Practice Questions
Dictionary Information
1. What does a dictionary list?
A. Only pictures
B. Words of a language
C. Only page numbers
D. Only titles
Sol: [B] A dictionary lists the words of a language and gives information about them.
2. Which information does a dictionary give about a word?
A. Its spelling
B. Its pronunciation
C. Its meaning
D. All of these
Sol: [D] The chapter names spelling, pronunciation, meaning, and word class.
3. Why are example sentences given?
A. To show how words are used
B. To replace the title
C. To list page numbers
D. To show only pronunciation
Sol: [A] Example sentences make meanings clear and show how words are used.
Word Relationships
4. Which word means a word with the same or nearly the same meaning?
A. antonym
B. synonym
C. prefix
D. contents
Sol: [B] A synonym has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word.
5. Which pair contains an antonym relationship?
A. synonym and equivalent
B. meaning and sense
C. synonym and antonym
D. contents and sections
Sol: [C] A synonym is similar in meaning, while an antonym has an opposite meaning.
6. What is the closest meaning of alphabetical?
A. arranged by letters
B. written randomly
C. spoken loudly
D. divided into units
Sol: [A] Alphabetical order follows the order of the letters of the alphabet.
Using Words in Context
7. In “The key does not fit the lock,” what does fit mean?
A. to be the right size or shape
B. to speak clearly
C. to list a word
D. to add a prefix
Sol: [A] Here, fit means to be the right size or shape for the lock.
8. Which sentence uses contents correctly?
A. The contents show the topics and page numbers.
B. The contents is a way of speaking.
C. The contents means opposite.
D. The contents fits a lock.
Sol: [A] Contents means the sections or topics included in a book.
9. What do prefixes help to make?
A. New words
B. Page numbers
C. Dictionary covers
D. Table headings
Sol: [A] The chapter states that prefixes and suffixes help to make new words.
Reference Skills
10. If a learner wants to find a topic quickly in a book, which part should be checked?
A. The table of contents
B. The antonym list
C. The pronunciation mark
D. The word class only
Sol: [A] The table of contents shows the topics and the pages where they begin.
11. Quick Revision List
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| contents (/ˈkɒntents/) | The sections or topics included in a book. | topics; sections | — | The contents show the topics and their page numbers. |
| alphabetical (/ˌælfəˈbetɪkl/) | Arranged according to the order of the letters of the alphabet. | ordered; classified | unordered; random | The words in a dictionary are presented in alphabetical order. |
| pronunciation (/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/) | The way a word is spoken. | speech; enunciation | — | The dictionary shows the pronunciation of the word. |
| meaning (/ˈmiːnɪŋ/) | The idea or sense expressed by a word. | sense; significance | — | The example helps us understand the meaning. |
| synonym (/ˈsɪnənɪm/) | A word with the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. | equivalent; similar word | antonym; opposite word | A synonym has a similar meaning to another word. |
| antonym (/ˈæntənɪm/) | A word with an opposite meaning. | opposite word; contrary word | synonym; equivalent | The dictionary gives the antonym of a word when available. |
| prefixes (/ˈpriːfɪksɪz/) | Parts added before root words. | word parts; additions | — | Prefixes help to make new words. |
| suffixes (/ˈsʌfɪksɪz/) | Parts added after root words. | word parts; additions | — | Prefixes and suffixes help to make new words. |
| word class (/wɜːd klɑːs/) | A grammatical group to which a word belongs. | category; grammatical group | — | The dictionary shows the word class of an entry. |
| fit (/fɪt/) | To be the right size, type, or condition; also healthy or suitable. | suitable; healthy; appropriate | unfit; unsuitable | The key doesn’t fit the lock. |
▣ Key Points
- A table of contents identifies the sections or topics of a book.
- A dictionary lists the words of a language and gives information about them.
- Dictionary entries are presented in alphabetical order.
- A dictionary gives information about spelling, pronunciation, meaning, and word class.
- Example sentences make the meanings of words clear and show how words are used.
- A synonym has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word.
- An antonym has an opposite meaning.
- Prefixes and suffixes are parts added to root words to make new words.
- A verb entry is given in the simple present tense, with its past form and past participle also shown.
- The word fit can describe the right size, health, or suitability.
12. Practice Bank
Further Textual Dictionary Practice
| Word (Pronunciation) | Meaning | Synonyms | Antonyms | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acknowledgments (/əkˈnɒlɪdʒmənts/) | statements showing thanks or recognition | thanks (gratitude); recognition (appreciation) | — | Acknowledgments appear in the contents of the book. |
| elevators (/ˈelɪveɪtəz/) | machines that carry people between floors | lifts (vertical transport); hoists (lifting devices) | — | The lesson asks why elevators are important. |
| salty (/ˈsɔːlti/) | containing or tasting of salt | salted (containing salt); briny (like seawater) | sweet (containing sugar); fresh (not salty) | The text asks why the sea is salty. |
| hyacinth (/ˈhaɪəsɪnθ/) | a water plant discussed in the textbook | plant (living organism); water plant (aquatic plant) | — | The Water Hyacinth is a topic in Unit 3. |
| hearing-impaired (/ˈhɪərɪŋ ɪmˌpeəd/) | having limited hearing ability | hard of hearing (having reduced hearing); deaf (unable to hear) | hearing (able to hear); attentive (listening carefully) | One lesson asks how hearing-impaired people talk. |
| context (/ˈkɒntekst/) | the surrounding words or situation that helps explain meaning | setting (situation); background (surrounding information) | isolation (separation); irrelevance (lack of connection) | Context clues help a learner understand an unfamiliar word. |
| category (/ˈkætəɡəri/) | a group of things with shared features | class (group); type (kind) | individual (single item); exception (thing outside a group) | His pictures do not fit into any category. |
| consumption (/kənˈsʌmpʃən/) | the act of eating, drinking, or using something | use (employment); intake (amount taken in) | saving (keeping unused); preservation (protection) | The food was not fit for human consumption. |
| progressive (/prəˈɡresɪv/) | continuing or developing over time | continuing (going on); developing (growing) | finished (completed); stationary (not changing) | The verb fit is not used in the progressive tenses. |
| unconscious (/ʌnˈkɒnʃəs/) | not awake or aware of what is happening | insensible (not conscious); unaware (not knowing) | conscious (awake and aware); alert (watchful) | A fit may make someone unconscious. |
| furniture (/ˈfɜːnɪtʃə/) | large movable objects used in a room | fittings (fixed equipment); furnishings (room equipment) | — | A fitment can be a piece of furniture or equipment. |
| continuous (/kənˈtɪnjuəs/) | happening without stopping | constant (unbroken); uninterrupted (without a pause) | intermittent (stopping and starting); occasional (not regular) | Fitful means happening for short periods, not continuous or regular. |