English for Today Class Five - Hello! - Vocabulary | Free Course

Chapter: Hello!

📚 Vocabulary

English for Today Class Five

⭐ Most Important Exam Words

hellohiintroduceintroductionmeetfriendgentlemancountrycityplacewhereholidayjourneytrainleavearrivewhenminutesoontodayyesterdaytomorrowreallyagainclublanguagepracticespeaklistenwatchbookshopconversationthanksthankpleasesurewelcomefunchatcall

📃 Word Formation Rules

► Verb ‘introduce’ changes into the noun ‘introduction’ by adding ‘-tion’ and changing the spelling.

► Noun ‘friend’ changes into the adjective ‘friendly’ by adding ‘-ly’.

► Noun ‘language’ changes into the adjective ‘linguistic’ as a related word.

► Noun ‘conversation’ comes from the verb ‘converse’ with the suffix ‘-ation’.

► Compound noun: ‘bookshop’ = book + shop.

► Plural rule: country → countries; change consonant + y to ‘-ies’.

► Plural rule: city → cities; change consonant + y to ‘-ies’.

► Irregular forms: go → went → gone; speak → spoke → spoken; meet → met → met; leave → left → left.

1. Greetings and Introductions (8 words)

hello[/həˈləʊ/]nouneasy

Meaning: অভিবাদন; হ্যালো

Alt: কারও দৃষ্টি আকর্ষণের শব্দ

Example: Hello! How are you?

Syn: hi, greetingsAnt: farewell

💡 Exam tip: ‘Hello’ is used when meeting or greeting someone.

hi[/haɪ/]nouneasy

Meaning: হাই; অনানুষ্ঠানিক অভিবাদন

Alt: বন্ধুসুলভ সম্ভাষণ

Example: Hi! I am Jessica.

Syn: hello, heyAnt: goodbye

💡 Exam tip: ‘Hi’ is an informal synonym of ‘hello’.

introduce[/ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/]verbmedium

Meaning: পরিচয় করিয়ে দেওয়া

Alt: নিজের পরিচয় দেওয়া

Example: May I introduce myself?

Syn: present, acquaintAnt: conceal

💡 Exam tip: Use ‘introduce myself’ to give your own name and identity.

introduction[/ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/]nounmedium

Meaning: পরিচয়

Alt: ভূমিকা বা প্রারম্ভিক বক্তব্য

Example: Her introduction was short and clear.

Syn: presentation, openingAnt: conclusion

💡 Exam tip: ‘Introduce’ is a verb; ‘introduction’ is its noun form.

meet[/miːt/]verbeasy

Meaning: সাক্ষাৎ করা; দেখা করা

Alt: পরিচিত হওয়া

Example: Nice to meet you, Jessica.

Syn: see, encounterAnt: avoid

💡 Exam tip: After meeting someone, say ‘Nice to meet you’.

nice[/naɪs/]adjeasy

Meaning: সুন্দর; চমৎকার

Alt: ভদ্র বা মনোরম

Example: It is nice to meet you.

Syn: pleasant, lovelyAnt: unpleasant

💡 Exam tip: ‘Nice meeting you’ is a polite expression used at the end of an introduction.

friend[/frend/]nouneasy

Meaning: বন্ধু

Alt: আপনজন বা সুহৃদ

Example: Sima is my friend.

Syn: companion, mateAnt: enemy

💡 Exam tip: Plural form: ‘friends’.

gentleman[/ˈdʒentlmən/]nounmedium

Meaning: ভদ্রলোক

Alt: প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক পুরুষ

Example: Who is that gentleman?

Syn: man, sirAnt: lady

💡 Exam tip: The plural of ‘gentleman’ is ‘gentlemen’.

2. Personal Information and Countries (8 words)

name[/neɪm/]nouneasy

Meaning: নাম

Alt: পরিচয়সূচক শব্দ

Example: My name is Sima.

Syn: title, designation

💡 Exam tip: Use ‘My name is…’ to introduce yourself.

from[/frəm/]adveasy

Meaning: থেকে; হতে

Alt: উৎপত্তি বা বাসস্থান বোঝায়

Example: I am from Sylhet.

Syn: out ofAnt: to

💡 Exam tip: Use ‘be from’ to say where a person comes from.

United Kingdom[/juːˌnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm/]nounmedium

Meaning: যুক্তরাজ্য

Alt: ইংল্যান্ড, স্কটল্যান্ড, ওয়েলস ও উত্তর আয়ারল্যান্ডের দেশসমষ্টি

Example: Jessica is from the United Kingdom.

Syn: UK, Britain

💡 Exam tip: Write the country name with capital letters.

Bangladesh[/ˌbæŋɡləˈdeʃ/]nouneasy

Meaning: বাংলাদেশ

Alt: দক্ষিণ এশিয়ার একটি দেশ

Example: Andy is reading a book about Bangladesh.

Syn: the Republic of Bangladesh

💡 Exam tip: ‘Bangladeshi’ is the adjective and nationality word.

country[/ˈkʌntri/]nouneasy

Meaning: দেশ

Alt: গ্রামাঞ্চল বা অঞ্চল

Example: Which country are you from?

Syn: nation, stateAnt: city

💡 Exam tip: Plural form: ‘countries’; change y to ies.

city[/ˈsɪti/]nouneasy

Meaning: শহর

Alt: বড় নগর এলাকা

Example: Chattogram is a busy city.

Syn: town, metropolisAnt: village

💡 Exam tip: Plural form: ‘cities’.

place[/pleɪs/]nouneasy

Meaning: স্থান

Alt: জায়গা বা অবস্থান

Example: Sylhet is a beautiful place.

Syn: location, spotAnt: nowhere

💡 Exam tip: ‘Where’ asks about a place or location.

where[/weə(r)/]adveasy

Meaning: কোথায়

Alt: কোন স্থানে

Example: Where are you going?

Syn: in what place

💡 Exam tip: ‘Where’ is an interrogative adverb used for places.

3. Travel and Journey (8 words)

go[/ɡəʊ/]verbeasy

Meaning: যাওয়া

Alt: কোনো স্থানে গমন করা

Example: Where are you going?

Syn: travel, moveAnt: come, stay

💡 Exam tip: After ‘am/is/are’, use ‘going’: ‘I am going’.

holiday[/ˈhɒlədeɪ/]nouneasy

Meaning: ছুটি

Alt: অবকাশযাপন

Example: I am on holiday with my father.

Syn: vacation, leaveAnt: work

💡 Exam tip: ‘On holiday’ means spending time away from regular work or school.

journey[/ˈdʒɜːni/]nounmedium

Meaning: ভ্রমণ; যাত্রা

Alt: এক স্থান থেকে অন্য স্থানে যাওয়া

Example: Have a good journey.

Syn: trip, voyageAnt: stay

💡 Exam tip: ‘Have a good journey’ is used to wish someone a safe and pleasant trip.

train[/treɪn/]nouneasy

Meaning: ট্রেন; রেলগাড়ি

Alt: রেলপথে চলাচলকারী যান

Example: Our train is leaving soon.

Syn: railway train

💡 Exam tip: ‘Train’ is a countable noun: one train, two trains.

leave[/liːv/]verbmedium

Meaning: ছেড়ে যাওয়া

Alt: রওনা হওয়া

Example: The train is leaving in ten minutes.

Syn: depart, go awayAnt: arrive, stay

💡 Exam tip: The present continuous ‘is leaving’ can describe a fixed future schedule.

arrive[/əˈraɪv/]verbmedium

Meaning: পৌঁছানো

Alt: কোনো স্থানে এসে উপস্থিত হওয়া

Example: We will arrive in Chattogram soon.

Syn: reach, comeAnt: depart, leave

💡 Exam tip: Use ‘arrive in’ for a city or country and ‘arrive at’ for a small place.

holiday[/ˈhɒlədeɪ/]nouneasy

Meaning: ছুটির সময়

Alt: ভ্রমণের অবকাশ

Example: Jessica is travelling during her holiday.

Syn: vacation, breakAnt: class

💡 Exam tip: Do not confuse ‘holiday’ with ‘holy day’; follow the context.

going[/ˈɡəʊɪŋ/]verbeasy

Meaning: যাচ্ছে; যাওয়া

Alt: কোনো গন্তব্যের দিকে অগ্রসর হওয়া

Example: Sima is going to Sylhet.

Syn: travelling, movingAnt: staying

💡 Exam tip: Pattern: subject + am/is/are + going to + place.

4. Time and Sequence (8 words)

when[/wen/]adveasy

Meaning: কখন

Alt: কোন সময়ে

Example: When is your train leaving?

Syn: at what time

💡 Exam tip: ‘When’ asks about time.

minute[/ˈmɪnɪt/]nouneasy

Meaning: মিনিট

Alt: সময়ের ষাট সেকেন্ড

Example: The train is leaving in ten minutes.

Syn: moment, 短 period

💡 Exam tip: One hour equals sixty minutes.

soon[/suːn/]adveasy

Meaning: শীঘ্রই

Alt: অল্প সময়ের মধ্যে

Example: Our train will leave soon.

Syn: shortly, quicklyAnt: later

💡 Exam tip: ‘Soon’ usually refers to the near future.

today[/təˈdeɪ/]adveasy

Meaning: আজ

Alt: বর্তমান দিনের সময়ে

Example: Today, there is a new person in the club.

Syn: this dayAnt: yesterday

💡 Exam tip: ‘Today’ is a time adverb and is often used at the beginning of a sentence.

yesterday[/ˈjestədeɪ/]adveasy

Meaning: গতকাল

Alt: আজকের আগের দিন

Example: I met him yesterday.

Syn: the previous dayAnt: tomorrow

💡 Exam tip: Use the past form after ‘yesterday’: ‘met’, not ‘meet’.

tomorrow[/təˈmɒrəʊ/]adveasy

Meaning: আগামীকাল

Alt: আজকের পরের দিন

Example: We will travel tomorrow.

Syn: the next dayAnt: yesterday

💡 Exam tip: ‘Tomorrow’ refers to the future.

really[/ˈrɪəli/]adveasy

Meaning: সত্যিই; আসলেই

Alt: আশ্চর্য বা জোর প্রকাশ করতে ব্যবহৃত

Example: Really? You are from the United Kingdom!

Syn: truly, actuallyAnt: hardly

💡 Exam tip: ‘Really?’ can be used as a short question to show surprise.

again[/əˈɡen/]adveasy

Meaning: আবার

Alt: পুনরায়

Example: Please say that again.

Syn: once more, anewAnt: never

💡 Exam tip: ‘Again’ means one more time.

5. Language Club and Communication (8 words)

club[/klʌb/]nouneasy

Meaning: ক্লাব

Alt: নির্দিষ্ট কাজের জন্য গঠিত সংগঠন বা স্থান

Example: Sima and Tamal are in the language club.

Syn: association, groupAnt: individual

💡 Exam tip: A club is a place or group where people share an interest.

language[/ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/]nouneasy

Meaning: ভাষা

Alt: ভাব প্রকাশের মাধ্যম

Example: They practise speaking English.

Syn: speech, tongueAnt: silence

💡 Exam tip: ‘Language’ is a noun; ‘linguistic’ is a related adjective.

practice[/ˈpræktɪs/]nounmedium

Meaning: অনুশীলন

Alt: দক্ষতা বাড়ানোর নিয়মিত চর্চা

Example: They come to the club to practise speaking English.

Syn: training, exerciseAnt: neglect

💡 Exam tip: In British English, ‘practice’ is the noun and ‘practise’ is the verb.

speak[/spiːk/]verbeasy

Meaning: কথা বলা

Alt: মৌখিকভাবে ভাষা ব্যবহার করা

Example: We speak English with our friends.

Syn: talk, communicateAnt: listen, be silent

💡 Exam tip: Past form: ‘spoke’; past participle: ‘spoken’.

listen[/ˈlɪsən/]verbeasy

Meaning: মনোযোগ দিয়ে শোনা

Alt: শ্রবণ করা

Example: They listen to CDs in English.

Syn: hear, heedAnt: ignore

💡 Exam tip: Use the preposition ‘to’ after ‘listen’: listen to music.

watch[/wɒtʃ/]verbeasy

Meaning: দেখা

Alt: মনোযোগ দিয়ে পর্যবেক্ষণ করা

Example: They watch DVDs in English.

Syn: observe, viewAnt: overlook

💡 Exam tip: ‘Watch’ is used for television, films and moving activities.

bookshop[/ˈbʊkʃɒp/]nouneasy

Meaning: বইয়ের দোকান

Alt: যেখানে বই বিক্রি হয়

Example: Tamal met Andy at the bookshop.

Syn: bookstore, bookseller

💡 Exam tip: ‘Bookshop’ is a compound word: book + shop.

conversation[/ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃən/]nounmedium

Meaning: কথোপকথন

Alt: দুই বা ততোধিক ব্যক্তির আলাপ

Example: The two friends had a short conversation.

Syn: dialogue, talkAnt: silence

💡 Exam tip: A conversation usually involves speaking and listening.

6. Useful Expressions and Polite Words (8 words)

thanks[/θæŋks/]nouneasy

Meaning: ধন্যবাদ

Alt: কৃতজ্ঞতা প্রকাশের অনানুষ্ঠানিক শব্দ

Example: Thanks for your help.

Syn: thank you, gratitudeAnt: disgrace

💡 Exam tip: ‘Thanks’ and ‘Thank you’ express gratitude.

thank[/θæŋk/]verbeasy

Meaning: ধন্যবাদ জানানো

Alt: কৃতজ্ঞতা প্রকাশ করা

Example: I thank you for your kindness.

Syn: appreciate, acknowledgeAnt: blame

💡 Exam tip: Pattern: thank + person + for + something.

please[/pliːz/]adveasy

Meaning: অনুগ্রহ করে

Alt: ভদ্রভাবে অনুরোধ করার শব্দ

Example: Please call me Andy.

Syn: kindly, if you willAnt: rudely

💡 Exam tip: Place ‘please’ at the beginning or end of a polite request.

sure[/ʃʊə(r)/]adjeasy

Meaning: নিশ্চিত

Alt: সম্মতি প্রকাশে ব্যবহৃত শব্দ

Example: Sure! Please sit down.

Syn: certain, certainlyAnt: unsure, uncertain

💡 Exam tip: ‘Sure’ can mean ‘yes’ in an informal reply.

welcome[/ˈwelkəm/]adjeasy

Meaning: স্বাগতম

Alt: আন্তরিকভাবে গ্রহণযোগ্য

Example: Welcome to our language club.

Syn: greeting, invitedAnt: unwelcome

💡 Exam tip: The correct response to ‘Thank you’ can be ‘You are welcome’.

fun[/fʌn/]nouneasy

Meaning: আনন্দ; মজা

Alt: আনন্দদায়ক কার্যকলাপ

Example: Have fun in Chattogram.

Syn: enjoyment, pleasureAnt: boredom, sadness

💡 Exam tip: ‘Have fun’ is used to wish someone enjoyment.

chat[/tʃæt/]verbeasy

Meaning: আলাপ করা

Alt: অনানুষ্ঠানিকভাবে কথা বলা

Example: Let us chat for a while.

Syn: talk, converseAnt: keep silent

💡 Exam tip: ‘Chat’ is an informal synonym of ‘talk’.

call[/kɔːl/]verbmedium

Meaning: ডাকা; সম্বোধন করা

Alt: ফোন করা

Example: Please call me Andy.

Syn: name, telephoneAnt: ignore

💡 Exam tip: In ‘call me Andy’, ‘call’ means ‘address or name me’.

💡 Exam Tips

• Use ‘Where’ to ask about a place and ‘When’ to ask about time.

• Use ‘Why’ to ask for a reason; answer with ‘because’.

• Remember the pattern: ‘I am from Sylhet’ and ‘I am going to Chattogram’.

• Use ‘Nice to meet you’ when meeting someone for the first time.

• Use ‘Nice meeting you, too’ as a polite reply.

• Use ‘is leaving’ for a scheduled event in the near future.

• Remember that ‘listen’ is followed by ‘to’: listen to a CD.

• Distinguish ‘practice’ as a noun from ‘practise’ as a verb in British English.

• Use capital letters for names of people, countries, cities and languages.

• In question formation, use ‘Is Sima from Dhaka?’ and answer ‘Yes, she is’ or ‘No, she isn’t’.

• ‘Thanks’ and ‘Thank you’ mean the same thing, but ‘Thanks’ is more informal.

• ‘Meet my friend’ and ‘Please call me Andy’ are important introduction expressions from the chapter.

English for Today Class Five - Hello! - Vocabulary

Chapter: Hello!

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